第3章 化学平衡.ppt

Comparing Q and K Relative Magnitude Direction of Reaction (反应方向) Q K Reactant (反应物) ? Product (生成物) Q = K Reaction at equilirium Q K Product ? Reactant 贴掇簧膀仕雁锤吏启慧署颠聋拢祟津幢嗽诛茨跋蹄炔乍健衔埋打醒咐筑讹第3章 化学平衡第3章 化学平衡 Determining an Equilirium Constant Example. An aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid, each with a concentration of 0.810 M, is heated to 100?C. At equilibrium, the acetic acid concentration is 0.748 M. Calculate K at 100?C for the reaction C2H5OH(aq) + CH3CO2H(aq) CH3COOC2H5(aq) + H2O(l) ethanol acetic acid ethyl acetate Solution C2H5OH(aq) + CH3CO2H(aq) CH3COOC2H5(aq) + H2O(l) I 0.810 0.810 0 C ?0.062 ?0.062 +0.062 E 0.748 0.748 0.062 K = = 0.062/(0.748)(0.748) = 0.11 (I = Initial; C = Change; E = Equilibrium) [CH3CO2C2H5] [C2H5OH][CH3CO2H] 袋腮乞真霄缺等卜迸酸别糠差褪乳馈俭擒驱奶拨苏国湍曼甲晃泻锹愉聪础第3章 化学平衡第3章 化学平衡 Example. Suppose a tank initially contains H2S with a pressure of 10.00 atm at 800 K. When the reaction 2 H2S(g) 2 H2(g) + S2(g) reach equilibrium, the partial pressure of S2 vapor is 0.020 atm. Calculate Kp. Solution 2 H2S(g) 2 H2(g) + S2(g) I 10.00 0 0 C ?2(0.020) +2(0.020) +0.020 E 9.96 0.040 0.020 Kp = = (0.040)2(0.020)/(9.96)2 = 3.2 x 10?7 (I = Initial; C = Change; E = Equilibrium) P2H2PS2 P2H2S 内夜讶圣叶赛碉矮趁宗骂田簿捕挫街蔗槽惩牛脊抬宇电鹃设奈培英芬救乍第3章 化学平衡第3章 化学平衡 Using Equilirium Constants in Calculations Example. The equilibrium constant K = 55.64 for H2(g) + I2(g) 2 HI(g) has been determined at 425?C. If 1.00 mol each of H2 and I2 are placed in a 0.500-L flask at 425?C, what are the concentrations of H2, I2, and HI when equilibrium has been achieved? Solution H2(g) + I2(g