使用生成树改善性能优秀培训书.ppt

组建中型交换型网络 使用生成树改善性能 Interconnection Technologies Determining Equipment and Cabling Needs Advantages of EtherChannel Redundant Topology Broadcast Frames Broadcast Storms Multiple Frame Copies MAC Database Instability Loop Resolution with STP Spanning-Tree Operation STP Root Bridge Selection Spanning-Tree Port States Describing PortFast Configuring and Verifying PortFast Spanning-Tree Operation Example Spanning-Tree Path Cost Spanning-Tree Recalculation Per VLAN Spanning Tree Plus PVST+ Extended Bridge ID Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Default Spanning-Tree Configuration Cisco Catalyst switches support three types of STPs: PVST+ PVRST+ MSTP The default STP for Cisco Catalyst switches is PVST+ : A separate STP instance for each VLAN One root bridge for all VLANs No load sharing PVRST+ Configuration Guidelines Enable PVRST+. Designate and configure a switch to be the root bridge. Designate and configure a switch to be the secondary root bridge. Verify the configuration. PVRST+ Implementation Commands Verifying PVRST+ Configuring the Root and Secondary Bridges Configuring the Root and Secondary Bridges: SwitchA Configuring the Root and Secondary Bridges: SwitchB Summary A redundant switched topology includes multihomed switches and EtherChannel. A redundant switched topology causes looping issues such as broadcast storms. The 802.1D STP establishes a loop-free network. The original STP has been enhanced by PVST+ and RSTP. Emphasize: Layer 2 has no mechanism (like a TTL) to stop loops. Layer 3 of 3 Emphasize: Layer 2 has no TTL mechanism to stop looping frames. Layer 2 of 2 Layer 2 of 2 Emphasize: The three general rules when dealing with STP are as follows: 1. One root bridge per network. The root is the bridge with the lowest bridge ID. All the ports on the root bridge are designated ports (forwarding). 2. For every non-root bridge, there is a root port (forwarding). The root port is the port with the lowest accumulated path cost to the root bridge. 3. For ever