DB2学习总结文档.docVIP

`1. A database management system provides a set of integrated data management services or tools which are used to maintain and manage logical groupings of data or information.In this branch of mathematics, a table is called a relation. 2. Codds original theory was based on 12 principles. (1)The first is that all data in an RDBMS is stored in tables. (2)Another principle is that you need a language to retrieve or manipulate data in these tables. This language is known as SQL and is part of the relational theory. 3. A table consists of columns and rows. Columns are the attributes of the entity. They are the same for every particular instance of the entity. Every particular instance of the entity is a row. Rows are not usually stored in any particular order. There is only one value at every row and column position in a table. This means that all data values are atomic.  4. There must be some way to identify uniquely just one instance or row of a table in order to manipulate the data in it. The unique key will allow you to do just that. 5. There are two terms you may hear to describe SQL. The first is non-navigational. This means that you only need to tell DB2, through SQL, what data you want. You do not need to specify how DB2 is to get that data. By using the optimizer, DB2 determines the best access path. For example, it decides whether to use an index to retrieve data.SQL is also a non-procedural language. A procedural language is a programming language such as C or COBOL. SQL is not a programming language. It does not do looping or go through extensive if-then-else steps one record at a time. SQL handles a set of records in a table and can be embedded into a programming language to take advantage of the capacity of the language to carry out procedural logic on that data. 6. Data Manipulation Language (DML) allows you to retrieve and manipulate data. SELECT is your basic read statement. Both SELECT and UPDATE work at the column level. INSERT and D