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英语国家概况复习 The Republic of Ireland Geography and History 本章概论： 1. 爱尔兰共和国的地理特征 --- the Emerald Isle --- The Central Lowland --- bogs --- the Shannon River 2. 爱尔兰共和国的气候 --- mild, moist and changeable --- excessive rainfall 3. 爱尔兰共和国的人口和宗教 --- the Great Famine --- one of the most Catholic countries of Europe 4. 爱尔兰共和国历史 --- The arrival of St. Patrick in AD 432 5. 爱尔兰共和国的外交政策 --- neutrality and nonalignment 1. 简答题： Why Ireland is also called the Emerald Isle? ----- Ireland is also called the Emerald Isle because of its rich green countryside. 爱尔兰也因其乡村绿荫葱葱而被称为绿宝石岛 第一部分：Geographical Features 1. 识记要点： Why Ireland has been geographically compared to a basin？ ----- Ireland has been compared to a basin in which a limestone plateau is rimmed by coastal highlands. 2. 识记要点： The central plain area is characterized by many lakes, bogs (wet areas) and low ridges. Variety is the main feature of the lowlands. The Central Lowland is the heart of Ireland. 3. 简答题： What is the largest river in Ireland? Why is it very important? ----- The largest river in Ireland is the Shannon River. It is very important because it provides electric power for much of the Republic. 4. 简答题： Bogs remain the most significant feature of Irish landscape. 第二部分：Climate and Weather 1. 简答题： What are the characteristics of Ireland’s climate? ----- The weather of Ireland is described as “mild, moist and changeable.” 2. 识记要点： Ireland suffers from excessive rather than deficient rainfall. 3. 识记： The Central Lowland is the area of the lightest rainfall in Ireland, with two areas that receive less than 762 mm per annum. 4. 识记要点： The climate of the Northeast is cooler throughout the year than in the rest of the country. 第三部分：Population and Religion 1. 简答题： The year 1845, when the Great Famine began, marks the end of one era and the beginning of another in the social history of Ireland. 2. 识记要点： There are two official languages in Ireland. They are Irish (or Gaelic) and English. Irelan