国际贸易实务 第二章 货物的质量.pptVIP

课前思考 购买商品时你会考虑哪些因素？ UNIT TWO The Quality of Goods Methods Expressing the Quality of Goods Tolerance Clause 2.1 Methods Expressing the Quality of Goods货物质量的表示方法 具体的表示方法有两种: 2.1.1 以实物表示货物质量 2.1.2 以文字说明表示货物质量 2.1.1 以实物表示货物质量 1、 Sales by Inspection 看货成交 2、 Sales by Samples 看样成交 Sales by Inspection 看货成交 is concluded with the spot inspection by the buyers or their agents and the quality is determined thereof. 卖方掌握现货以及买方亲临现场，经买方现场检验合格后达成交易。看货成交后，买方不得对其品质再提出任何异议。 for particular goods such as ornaments, jewels, artworks,etc Sales by Samples 看样成交 又称为凭样品买卖（sale by sample），是以样品表示货物质量，并以此作为交货依据的。 按样品提供者的不同，可分为2种： （1）凭卖方样品买卖：sale by seller’s sample （2）凭买方样品买卖：sale by buyer’s sample sale by seller’s sample samples are usually provided by the seller. When the sample is accepted by the buyer in quality, the seller is obliged to deliver goods of the same quality as shown by the sample. Duplicate sample: having sent a sample to the buyer, the seller should retain another sample for later reference. 一般情况下，卖方在对外寄出样品（原样或标准样品original /type sample）时，都应留有复样（duplicate sample），以备作交货或处理品质纠纷时核对之用。 Reference sample: 在日常的进出口业务中，买卖双方为了发展贸易关系，增进对彼此经营商品的了解，促进交易，互相寄送样品是十分普遍的。 　但是，这种以介绍商品为目的而寄出的样品只是说明该种商品品质的一般状态，为了明确起见，在寄送这类样品时最好标明“仅供参考”（for reference only）字样。 　某公司在联系客户的过程中，为了推销某商品，主动先向买方寄送了样品， 　而后，双方通过函电洽商，决定达成交易，并在合同中对货物规格作了具体的规定。 　事后，为了防止买方形成既凭样品又凭规格交货的概念，该公司要求在合同中加列一条“交货品质以合同规定为准，样品仅供参考。”并要求公司业务员以后对外寄样时，一律应在样品上加注“sample only for reference”字样，表明所寄样品为参考样，非品质确认依据，仅供参考使用。 　思考：type sample与reference sample有何区别？ sale by buyer’s sample 也称为“来样成交” ，samples are usually provided by the buyer. counter sample:to avoids the future disputes over the quality of the goods, the seller usually first duplicate the sample and then sends the duplicate to the buyer for confirmation. Property right: it is necessary for the seller to declare in a contract that any disputes arising from the property right should be tackled