动载荷作用梁动态响应分析.docVIP

毕业论文 题 目 动载荷作用梁动态响应分析 专 业 工程力学 班 级 力学081 学 生 郝忠文 指导教师 何钦象教授 2012 年 专 业：工程力学 学 生：郝忠文 指导教师：何钦象 摘要 在机构动力学中讨论的强迫振动问题，一 般是以结构在位置固定的周期性挠动力作用下的强迫振动问题为对象。本文中，用主振型叠加法，分析了简支欧拉梁在移动载荷作用下的动态响应特性。当广义挠动频率的固有频率相等则放生共振。研究桥梁在移动车辆载荷下的强迫振动，也要分析其共振条件。所不同的是由于载荷是移动的，且车辆载荷本身也是带有质量的振动体系，桥梁和载荷耦合系统的动力特征随荷载位置的移动而不断变化。经研究发现，在移动荷载作用下，桥梁将发生振动，产生的变形比载荷静止不动时产生的变形大。若荷载处于最不利的静力作用位置的同时满足共振条件，那么将会发生较大的动态响应，导致桥梁的破坏。而且，当荷载移动速率为一定值，广义挠动频率接近梁的固有频率时，梁也可能发生共振，其最大动挠度比静载荷作用时最大挠度的数倍。移动车辆载荷的这种动力效应是不容忽视。 关键字：动载荷，动态响应 ，广义挠动频率 ABSTRACT The forced vibration problem discussed in the mechanism dynamics generally focus on the forced vibration that caused by the force which stationarily act on the mecha- nism regularly.In this paper,using principal mode superposition method,the dyna -mic response of simply supported Euler beam acted by moving loads is analysed. Wh -en the frequency of generalized stimulating force equals its natural frequency,the re -sonance happens.It is different that the load moves.The dynamic response of the sys- tem formed by the load and beam differs with the position of moving load. According to the research,the deflection caused by the moving load is larger than that caused by stable load.When the moving load is at the vital position meanwhile meets the res -onance requirement,the beam will resonate thus leading to damage .And when the speed of the moving load reaches the point that the generalized stimulating frequency meets the natural frequency of beam，it may also cause resonance,the biggest def -lection will reaches several times the deflection caused by the stable load。So the dyn -amic effect of the moving load can not be neglected KEY WORDS: moving load ,dynamic response,generlized stimulating frequency Speciality： Engineering mechanics Student: Haozhongwen Advisor: Heqinxiang 1 前言 1 1.1研究背景及研究意义 1 1.2 研究现状 1 1.3 本文研究内容 2 2.简支梁的挠曲线微分方程