化工原理和化工机械课程设计精馏塔设计.docVIP

HUBEI UNIVERSITY FOR NATIONALITIES 化工原理及化工机械 课程设计 论文题目 苯—-乙苯连续精馏塔的设计 院 系 化学与环境工程学院 专 业 应用化学 姓 名 喻龙 学 号 040740581 指导老师 谭志斗副教授和周红艳副教授 2010年6月25日 THE COURSE DESIGN OF THE PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND FUNDAＭCHEICAL PROCESS EQUIPMENT The design of continuous distillation for ethylbenzene and benzene Candidate: Long Yu Speciality: Applied chemistry Supervisor: Tan Zhidou and zhou Hongyan June 25th,2010 内容摘要 精馏过程的实质是利用混合物中各组分具有不同的挥发度。即在同一温度下，各组分的饱和蒸汽压不同这一性质，使液相中的轻组分转移到汽相中，汽相中的重组分转移到液相中，从而达到分离的目的。根据设计条件以及给出的数据描述出塔温度的分布，求得最小回流比以及塔顶的相对挥发度、塔釜的相对挥发度、全塔平均相对挥发度，又根据物料平衡公式分别计算出精馏段和提馏段的汽、液两相的流量。之后，计算塔板数、塔径等。根据这些计算结果进行塔板结构的设计。计算和设计这些之后进行有关的力学性能计算和一系列的校核。 关键词：精馏 设计条件 塔板结构的设计 校核 Abstract The essence of rectification process is using the characteristic of each component in the mixture with different volatility. In another word，the character which the different of each component of saturated steam pressure makes the light phase that in the liquid transfers to the steam phase and the reorganization of vapor phase transfers to the liquid in the same temperature, and thus achieved the purpose of separation. Firstly, we can describe the temperature distribution and based on the design conditions and the given datas. Scendly, we can get the minimum reflux ratio and the relative volatility in the tower top , and the relative volatility in the tower kettle, and the average relative volatility in whole tower. According to the material balance equation, we can figure out the rate of the flow in the two-phase that steam and liquid of the rectifying section and stripping section. After that, we also need to c