中西文化差异下的英汉词语联想意义迥异.doc

Different Word Associations Between English and Chinese in Cultural Distinction 中西文化差异下的英汉词语联想意义迥异 ? Abstract Language is closely related to culture. Language is a component of culture, it is the carrier of culture, and it reflects the culture and serves the culture. Language distinguishes one culture from another clearly. Vocabulary is the major part of language, which is closely linked to culture. Vocabulary is influenced and shaped by culture, and it reflects the characteristics of cultures. However, different nations have their own cultural systems. Influenced by history, geographic region, customs, and habits, etc, people of different cultures will have different associations in the cultural atmosphere. As we know, China and English speaking countries have their own cultures, which affect the differences between Chinese and English deeply. And the differences between Chinese and English also reflect the culture distinctions. Because of the differences in cultures, when they conduct study on words in Chinese and English, they need to connect the study of the Chinese and English cultures. Only in this way can they find out it is the related cultural tradition, cultural psychology, and social folk customs that account for the differences between Chinese and English. Then the differences in associative meanings of words appear. Therefore, In order to avoid cultural misunderstanding, people should pay attention to the cultural distinction and intercultural awareness. [Key words]: the characteristics of cultures; word associations; distinction ? ? 摘 要语言和文化密切相关。语言是文化的载体，具有丰富的文化内涵。语言既是文化的组成要素，又是文化的表现形式。文化可以通过语言来表现。语言中的词汇是语言的重要成分，与民族文化息息相关。词汇既受文化影响和塑造，又反映了文化特征。而世界上各民族的文化迥异。不同的民族都有自己的文化体系。在各自的文化氛围下，由于历史，地理，宗教，价值观念，风土人情，传统习俗等原因，拥有不同文化的人们会产生不同的词汇联想。众所周知，中国和所有以英语为母语的国家都有自己的文化。她们的文化对各自的语言产生了深远的影响。正是中西文化差异导致了英汉语言差异，因此，人们在学习英汉这两种语言过程中要联系中西文化。这样就能发掘出语言与文化传统，文化心理，风土人情，风俗习惯密切相关。这些因素又导致英汉语言的文化含义差异，并通过特有的文化联想表现出，即而词语的联想意义也不同。因此，在跨文化交际活动中，人们应该提高文化差异意识，对不