宝平高速论文在建高速公路边坡土壤侵蚀规律防护措施及WEPP模型模拟研究.docVIP

宝平高速论文：在建高速公路边坡土壤侵蚀规律、防护措施及WEPP模型模拟研究 【中文摘要】为研究在建高速公路边坡土壤侵蚀特性,本研究选择宝平高速公路陇县段为研究对象,采用建立观测小区的方法,分析了在建高速公路边坡土壤侵蚀的情况及规律;并将WEPP模型模拟的各小区土壤侵蚀量与实测值进行了对比,分析了其在高速公路边坡的适用性。得到的主要结论如下:(1)在建高速公路边坡的土壤侵蚀量与降雨量及雨强都有显著的相关性,7月和8月降雨量较大。应在汛期前就做好相应的临时防护措施并使其初步发挥应有的水保作用,减少汛期土壤流失量。(2)本研究区为在建工程,各小区均为刚刚形成的扰动坡面,坡面条件很相似,植被也都是施工人员刚刚种植或栽植,再加上汛期降雨偏大,所以各小区土壤侵蚀量大致相等;其中路堑2号和路堤2号两个小区侵蚀量较其余三个小区偏大。(3)本研究首次运用WEPP模型模拟公路坡面的土壤侵蚀。因地形条件所限,选取的试验小区坡长较短,坡度均为单一坡比,坡面侵蚀趋势大致一样。(4)土壤数据参数中经过标定的有效水力传导系数、土壤临界剪切力和细沟土壤可蚀性分别为:14.30mm/h、1.20Pa、1.650s/m。从模拟值与实测值的对比图来看,两者差别较大,模拟结果不太理想。(5)运用Nash—Sutcliffe模型公式得出,五个小区侵蚀量模拟结果的有效性系数ME值为-0.61,数字显示模拟效果较差。目前来说,运用WEPP模型模拟和预测在建高速公路土壤侵蚀状况的条件还不是很成熟,以后的研究中应加强WEPP模型相关参数的开发和研究,为公路生产实践提供服务和支持,也有利于保护水土资源。 【英文摘要】In this study, research on the characteristics of soil erosion on side slopes of expressways in construction is carried out along Longxian section of Baoping expressway. Situation and laws of soil erosion are analyzed on side slopes of expressways in construction by means of establishing runoff plots. And the predicted quantity of erosive soil obtained through WEPP model is compared with the real values to check WEPP model抯 applicability in this area. Based on the analysis above, some conclusions can be drawn as follows:(1) Both the amount and intensity of rainfall are closely related with the quantity of erosive soil in the areas we study, especially in July and August when rain is much heavier. Therefore, temporary measures should be taken to prevent the loss of soil and water before flood season.(2) The section of the Baoping expressway we study is still in construction, and all the slopes of these runoff plots are just informed disturbing ones, plants growing on them are all just planted, which mean the conditions of all these five runoff plots are closely similar with each other, in addition, the rainfall is bigger in flood season, therefore, the soil erosion of them are basically the same, only with Road cutting No.2 and Road embankment No.2 being eroded a little heavier than