翻译(二)(英文版)ppt.pptVIP

Translation from Chinese to English (Semester II) By: Xiong Xin Foreign Studies College, HUAS 2012.02—2012.6 Part I IntroductionConfusions in Translation  Static(静态) Dynamic(动态);  Reification(具体化)? Generalization(概略化);  Animate Verbs(有灵动词) Inanimate Verbs(无灵动词);  Hypotaxis(形合法)Parataxis(意合法)  Dynamic Static(动与静)There is a common in stating a concept of moving in English and Chinese：the formulation of stating can either chose dynamic stating or static stating. The sentence style of dynamic stating in English:  be+noune/adjective/adverbial/pharases of preposition in Chinese: 是+名词/形容词 The sentence style of static stating in English Chinese: 动作动词/动态动词+其他句子成分according to different accidence and syntax(词法和句法) in English and Chinese (more nouns and prepositions in English than in Chinese), static stating in English is much more than in Chinese (more dynamic stating in Chinese---inherent code of language(固有的语言表达习惯). Which makes English expressions much more purificatory(精炼) and diversification(多样). Two methods of dealing with the differences in translation are: from static to dynamic in E-C from dynamic to static in C-E Generalization Reification （概略化和具体化） Generalization：that is to say translate reification(具体化) expression with abstraction form. In English, some literal(字面的) meanings are definite or specified and visual(形象), but the author’s true intent is not to emphasize the specified things or ideas stated by the words or sentences from the context, but generally refers to the universalistic logic(一般性的事理). Eg. deadlock →（打不开的锁）来指“僵局”， circulation desk ←（流通桌子）来只指“借阅处”. tiger and fox → 凶残狡诈 在这种情况下需从汉语中选择含义抽象、概括或笼统的译词加以表达。这种概略化的译法更加符合逻辑和汉语的表意习惯，给读者一个完整的印象。 Reification ：是指采用明确具体的方式来翻译原文中较为概略化的表达。英语原文中有不少词语乃至整个句子的字面意义非常抽象、笼统、概括和空泛，如对等译成汉语，不但译文难以表达出原文的真正意图，而且译文语义也会含糊不清，很难给读者一个准确的概念。遇到这种情况时，译者可以、甚至必须根据具体的语言环境和上下文的事理联系，把这些字面意义捉摸不定的词句用汉语里含意明确具体的词句加以表达，使原文比较抽象的表达方式变得比较实在、比较空泛的变得比较具体、比较笼统的变得比较明确。 Ani