194《英语语言学》答案.docVIP

《英语语言学》练习题参考答案 一 I. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word beginning with the letter given: descriptive place voicing. Allophones morpheme. signifier and signified. structure diphthongs accidental Meaning and sounds metalanguage. interpersonal textual tone lexeme, suppletives. Semantics Synonyms II. Indicate the following statements true or false. Put T for true and F for false in the brackets: ( T ) 1. The Swiss linguist de Saussure regarded the linguistic sign as composed of sound image and referent. ( F ) 2. Chinese is an agglutinating language. ( F ) 3. Not all vowels are voiced. ( T ) 4. If segments appear in the same position but the mutual substitution does not result in change of meaning, they are said to be in free variation. ( F ) 5. A greenbottle is a type of bottle. ( T ) 6. Productivity is the first and foremost striking feature of human language. ( F ) 7. Language contains two subsystems, one of speaking and the other of writing. ( T ) 8. Language can be used to refer to things real or imagined, past, present or future. ( F ) 9. Modern linguistics is prescriptive rather than descriptive. ( F ) 10. The study of speech sounds is called Phonology. ( T ) 11. The voiceless bilabial stop in pin and the one in spin are in complementary distribution. ( T ) 12. Tone is the variation of pitch to distinguish utterance meaning. ( T ) 13. Compounding, the combination of free morphemes, is a common way to form words. ( F ) 14. In the phrases a herd of cattle, a flock of sheep, both cattle and sheep contain only one morpheme. ( F ) 15. The meaning of compounds is always the sum of meaning of the compounds. III. Multiple Choice 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.A IV. For each group of sounds listed below, state the phonetic feature(s) then share: Example: [s] [f] [p] [h] voiceless [g] [z] [d] [v] [h] [s] [m] [p] [b] [f] [v] [t] [d] [n] [l] [s] [z] [i:] [i] [u] [u:] voiced 2. fricative 3. labial 4. alveolar 5. high, vowel