高中英语名词法用详解.docVIP

名词用法详解 名词是用来表示人名、地名、时间名称、事件名称及抽象概念的词，有专有名词和普通名词之分，还有可数名词与不可数名词之分。’Day, National Day, Spring Festival 表示国名、地名或城市名的名词 China , Guangxi University, Beijing 要带冠词的专有名词 ★表示“某某一家人”或“某某夫妇”的专有名词 the Greens, 格林一家 the Wangs王氏夫妇 带有定冠词的其它 the United states, the Great Wall, the UN（联合国）,the West Lake, the Yellow River， the China Daily（中国日报）, the People Daily（人民日报），the Olympics 例1：The Olympic Games in the year 2008 _____ in Beijing of China, which _____ known to us all. A. is to hold; is B. is to be held; was C. are to hold; is D. are to be held; is 例2：The United states made up of 50 states A.is b.has C.are D.have 2、普通名词：指一类人、事物、物质或抽象概念的名称。 1） 个体名词：指作为个体而存在的人或物。bird, car, computer, doctor, message, work, novel, movie 2） 集体名词：指一群人或一些事物总称的名词。army, class, cattle, family, group, police, public, staff，audience ★注意：由于本身就是复数意义，通常不再通过加s变成复数，但是在主谓一致关系中要看是否表示整体，如果强调的是组成该集体的个体概念时谓语动词用复数，如果表示整体要用单数。 people, police, cattle 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 class, family，team 作整体时，动词用单数。作成员时，动词用复数。 例1：1. The whole class ___ greatly moved at his words. A. is B. had C. were D. was 例2：At present, Zhang’s family __rather big, with twelve people in all. A. is B. are C. being D. was 例3：The Smith’s family, which _____ rather a large one, _____ very fond of their old house. A. were; were B. was; were C. were; was D. was; was 例4：The team ____ having a meeting. A. is B. are C. am D. be 例5：In fact, _______ one cause that leads to the problem. A. cattle is B. cattle are C. cattles are D. the cattles are 3） 物质名词：指无法分解为个体的物质、材料、食品、饮料、液体、气体、金属等名称的词。brick, cloth, cotton, earth, glass, paper, plastic, sand, beef, chicken, duck, fish, bread, sugar, water, rain, gas, ink, petrol, smoke, fog, air 4) 抽象名词：指人或事物的品质、情感、状态、动作等抽象概念及学科、疾病等名称的词。honesty 诚实 kindness 仁慈 imagination 想象力 wisdom 智慧patience 耐心 courage 勇气surprise 惊讶 feeling 情感 appreciation 欣赏anger 愤怒 sorrow 悲伤 happiness 幸福 joy 高兴 danger 危险celebration庆祝