高中英语定语从句讲解及练习.docVIP

Step 1 Leading-in （导入）用下划线标出下文中定语或定语从句。 He is a clever student. He is a student who is good at English. He lives in a small village. His grandfather lived there before. I know a girl who lives in the village too. Her name is Wang Fang. Wang Fang’s father is a farmer. He is a hard-working farmer. Step 2 语法讲解 1：有关定语从句的几个概念 1）功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语 2）位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后：Those who are willing to attend the party sign here please. 3）先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词 4）关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词 2：关系词的双重身份及其选用原则 1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。 2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分 。 先行词前指代先行词 关系词 定语从句后在从句中做句子成分 人 who 主语(说明是“谁”) 人 whom 宾语(说明是“谁”) 人 whose 定语(说明是“谁的”) 人 that 主语 /宾语 物 which 主语 /宾语 时间 when 时间状语 原因 why 原因状语 地点 where 地点状语 人物/事件/句子 as 主语/宾语/表语 3：熟记如下原则: A：关系词必用which 的定语从句 1）在非限制性定语从句 2）在关系词前有介词时 3）当先行词本身是that时 4）当关系词离先行词较远时 B：当先行词指物时,宜用that 1）先行词被 ①形容词最高级 ②序数词 ③数词几种词修饰或被 ④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of 等修饰时。 2）先行词被all\much\little\none\few\one\something\anything等不定代词修饰时。 3）先行词中既有人又有物时。 He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus. 4）当主句中含疑问词which时。Which are the books that you bought for me? 5）先行词在主句中作表语，关系词在从句中作表语时。 The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago。 C: who与that都可指人时，情况多用who作关系词 . 1）当主句是there be句型时，关系词用 。 2）先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词用 。 3） whom在从句中只作宾语，可被 取代。 4）当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用 。 Who is that girl that is standing by the window? D: whose作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。 Do you know Mr. Smith whose story is very moving? Do you know Mr. Smith, the story of whom is very moving? There is a room, whose window faces the river.（whose引导定从修饰room） There is a room, the window of which faces the river. There is a room, and its window faces the river. (2并列句用and 连接) 1) She has two brothers, wives are doctors. 2) She