高中阶段英语见常语法.docVIP

英语常见语法 虚拟语气 （一）时态(tense) 1、If clause (1)与现在事实相反 If clause（一般过去时态）+could/would/should/might+do Eg: If i were you, I would go there. If I could fly, I wouldnt sit there. (2)与过去事实相反 If clause（had +V?p?p 过去完成时态）+would/could/should/might+have+V?p?p Eg: If I had been here, I would have seen him. If I had studied English hard last term, I would have studied it well. (3)与将来事实相反 ①should+do ②were to+do +would/could/should/might+do ③一般过去时 Eg: were to rain If it should rain I wouldnt come. rained ▲当If从句中有were、should、had时，if可以省略，把该词提前，构成倒装。 Eg: Were it not for your help,I would fail. Had it nor been for your help, I would have failed. ▲without、but for、otherwise（否则）、or (else) 含蓄的虚拟语气 Without electricity, the world be in the darkness. But for your help, I wouldnt have pass the exam. He walked away from the discussion, otherwise he would have said something he would regret. I wish=if only Eg: I wish I were you. I wish I had studied hard last term. 3、would rather Eg:I would rather you didnt.（接句子用一般过去） I would rather you came here now. 4、would you mind if Eg: Would you mind if I sat here?（接句子用一般过去） 5、Its (high) time that Eg: Its high time that I went to school.（接一般过去时） 6、as if/ as though Eg: He walks as if he were a woman. They talked as if they had been good friend for many ages. （二）should+do 1、It is important/necessary/surprising/strange/natural/essential/unusual+that+should do 2、It is ordered/suggested/required/advised/proposed……（“坚”“决”“要”“命”） +that=should do Eg: It is advised that we (should) study hard. 3、suggest/insist/persist……+宾语从句(should do) 表语从句、同位语从句 should do Eg: My suggestion is that you should observe the regulations.（表从） I know the advice that we should practise English.（同从） （三）表示祝愿、祈祷 Eg:God bless me. Long live China. 情态动词（modal verbs） 一般式 1、Can(could) ability 可以（表单纯能力）