高三定语从句复习课件.pptVIP

定语从句 定语从句及其相关概念; 关系代词引导的定语从句; 关系副词引导的定语从句; 由as引导的定语从句; 注意事项。 一、定语从句及相关概念 定语：可以由形容词、代词、数量词、名词、副词、不定代词、介词短语等来担任。 如果是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就是定语从句。 The girl who is standing there is Mary. 定语从句 概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的 从句叫定语从句。 The girl who is standing there is Mary. 先行词 关系词 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。 关系词： 引导定语从句的词。 关系词 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 先行词和关系代词的种类 3. 各关系代词的使用方法 （1）who（whom） who代人，在从句中担任主语，口语中也可代替在从句中做宾语的whom，前面不能有介词。如有介词则必用whom（结构：介词+whom）。 e.g.The girl who is standing there is Mary. She is the girl who/whom I met that day. The doctor to whom she sent her friend is very famous. 只能使用关系代词who引导定语从句的情况： 在下列情况下，一般不能用that代替who 1. 当先行词是he ,those, one, ones等或用-body,-one构成的不定代词时，关系代词只能是who。 e.g. Those who want to see the film, please raise your hands. Is there anybody else who should be invited? 2. 当先行词后有较长的后置定语或者定语从句被分隔时，关系代词只能是who，不用that. e.g. A teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German. I met a foreigner in the city last week who could speak Chinese. 3.主句是there be 结构，如果需要修饰的主语是人，只能使用关系代词who。 e.g. There is a man who wants to see you. (2)whose 是who/whom的所有格，即可代人，又可代物。在定语从句中做定语，修饰从句的主语或宾语 I saw a woman whose bag was stolen. Please show me the bag whose cover is red. (3)that 只用于限定性定语从句中，介词后不能跟that，而跟which. 在限定性定语从句中，which和that都指物时，可通用。 The picture that/which was drawn by Tom was nice. 关系代词中只能用that的情况 1.先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形容词最高级时. e.g. The most important thing that should be done recently is how to collect enough money for that poor student. 2.先行词是序数词,或被序数词所修饰时. e.g. This is the fifth book that he has ever written. 3主句已有疑问词who或which时 e.g. He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 4.先行词既有人又有物时 eg:They talked about things and persons that they remembered at school. 5.先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none,the one等代词时 e.g. Is there anything that I can do for