Psychoanalysis.pptVIP

Psychoanalysis精神分析学 Contents Introduction of psychoanalysis The appearance of the Psychoanalysis Some main concepts and theories Main persons and works The modern development of psychoanalysis Others branches Introduction Psychoanalysis, name applied to a specific method of investigating unconscious mental processes and to a form of psychotherapy. The term refers, as well, to the systematic structure of psychoanalytic theory, which is based on the relation of conscious and unconscious psychological processes. The appearance of psychoanalysis In 1890s, neurology(精神病学) was effected by biology，so the treatment of psychology used by mechanism(机械主义). Psychoanalysis is a psychological theory developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud（精神病学家西格蒙德·弗洛伊德） At the later time, Psychoanalysis has expanded, been criticized and developed in different directions, mostly by some of Freud‘s former students, such as Alfred Adler（阿德勒） and Carl Jung（荣格） Some main concepts Psychosexual and Psychosocial development Unconscious · Preconscious(潜意识，前意识) Consciousness(意识) Id, ego and super-ego(本我，自我，超我) Libido(本能冲动) · Drive(本能驱使) Ego defenses · Resistance Oedipus Complex(俄狄浦斯情结或恋母情结) Some main theories Topographic theory (地貌学理论) Structural theory Ego psychology (自我心理学) Modern conflict theory Object relations theory Self psychology Psychoanalytic schools Carl Jung (personal collective unconscious) Alfred Adler（the sense of inferiority) Otto Rank (new theory of neurosis) Melanie Klein( Sigmund · Freud Introduction Contribution in psychological analysis Introduction 1856年5月6日，弗洛伊德出生在奥地利帝国摩拉维亚弗莱堡（今捷克共和国普日博尔）的一个犹太人家庭。他母亲共生了三个儿子和五个女儿，他是长子；还有一个同父异母的哥哥。他的家庭经济状况紧迫，住宅拥挤，但他的父母尽力抚养他们，尤其是弗洛伊德。从幼年起，父母就着重培养他的智力，投入的精力往往超过他的兄弟姐妹。 弗洛伊德在他的幼年起已经表现才智过人，特别在体育这项科目上面名列前茅有七年已久。虽然当时社会上有反犹的组织，但是他依然于1873年进入大学学习医学。[2] 弗洛伊德的早年生活鲜为人知，因为他至少两次销毁他的个人纪录，一次是1885年，第二次是1907年。 纳粹德国占领奥地利后，