历史学本科课程作业.doc

历史学本科课程作业 罗马对世界文化最重要的贡献是,他们保留希腊和中东的文化成果。对实现丰富的东方古老文明和希腊文化的基础上,罗姆人创制了希腊和罗马文化的重要组成部分自己独特的文化。罗马曾担任过去的欧洲文化和未来之间的联系。一方面,它继承了古希腊的传统文化,在花药一方面它传播这种文化对欧洲的休息区。中世纪早期,希腊和罗马的文化有所下降。到了文艺复兴时期,文化又被认可,然后它成为文艺复兴的思想起源。 (格鲁恩,埃里希·S.1992年,保罗·J.伯顿,2013年) The influence of ancient Roman culture on western culture The most important contribution to the world culture from Roman is that they preserved the cultural achievements of Greece and the Middle East. On the basis of the achievement of rich Oriental ancient civilization and Greek culture, the Roma created their own unique culture which became an important part of Greek and Roman culture. Roma have served as a link between past and future of the European culture. On one hand it inherited the traditional culture of ancient Greece, on the anther hand it spread this culture to the rest area of Europe. Early middle Ages, Greek and Roman culture declined. To the Renaissance, the culture was recognized again, and then it became the ideological origin of the Renaissance. ( Gruen, Erich S. 1992, Paul J. Burton, 2013) 1. Law Early Roman political system is modeled on Greek political system. Romans greatest contribution is legislation. The first codified law is the civil rights law, and then successively they generated jus gentium, civil law and civil rights law, and these laws laid the foundation of western legal system and formed the embryonic form of western law. Especially, in Civil rights law it stated that the citizens private property is inviolable, which become an eternal theme in the later western law. In order to ensure that all nationalities in the territory of the empire can coexist peacefully, The Romans developed a fair and reasonable law to give many rights to citizens. All laws from Romans later are taken into the Justinian code. Its basic spirit is natural law concept, Proprietary Concept and Psychological Contract which have a decisive influence on the modern western political ideology and the concept of human rights, and also