Economic, Environmental and International Trade Effects of the经济环境和国际贸易的影响.ppt

Economic, Environmental and International Trade Effects of the经济环境和国际贸易的影响.ppt

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Energy taxation and emissions trading as instruments of European climate policy by Michael Kohlhaas Workshop on Climate Policy and Energy Modeling Taipei, Taiwan 11-12 October 2004 German Institute for Economic Research (DIW), Berlin Independent policy think tank Basic research in the field of economics Observation of national and international economic developments Counseling of the German public, ministries, governments (national and local), European Commission, other organizations Established in 1925 Largest economic research institute in Germany: 100 Economists 7 Research Departments Macro Analysis and Forecasting International Economics Public Economics Energy, Transportation, Environment Information Society and Competition Innovation, Manufacturing, Service German Socio-Economic Panel Study For more information see www.diw.de Outline Background on European Climate Change Programme Harmonization of Energy Taxation Emissions trading Summary and Perspectives European Climate Change Policy EU considers climate change as “one of the greatest environmental, social and economic threats facing the planet” Leading role in the international negotiations Obligation under Kyoto Protocol: 8% reduction of greenhouse gases Emissions reduction does not come easy GHG emissions in the EU: 1990 to 2001 European Climate Change Policy Climate policy is common responsibility of EU and Member States both EU and Member States are parties of Kyoto Protocol significant differences between Member States Distance-to-target (DTI) for EU Member States in 2001 European Climate Change Policy Climate policy is common responsibility of EU and Member States both EU and Member States are parties of Kyoto Protocol significant differences between Member States Mix of policies on EU level and by individual Member States necessary here: only policies on EU level similar policies may exist on national level (e.g. ETR in Germany) European Climate Change Program EU launched ECCP in 2000 co

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