工业工程专业英语翻译.doc

工业工程的真正价值 Real IE Value In addition, the IE now has a greater opportunity to concentrate on any one of a broad variety of areas that many companies now recognize as individual departments-including simulation, operations research, ergonomics, material handling and logistics. 值得一提的是，工业工程现在有更多的机会去集中于现在许多企业已经视为独立的学科的众 多领域中的一个-----包括防真学、运筹学、人因学、物料搬运和物流学。 Work-measured Labor Standards 基于作业测量的劳动标准 If you are a manufacturer, chances are you have a bill-of-materials (BOM) system to determine standard parts cost. Do you also have an equivalent bill-of-labor system to determine standard labor cost? 如果你是一个制造商，你有可能会有一个物料清单系统来确定标准件的成本。你是否也能得到类似的劳动力清单系统来确定标准的劳动成本？ Time study——The most widely used tool to develop standard times is still time study. Time study reflects what is happening in your job or project. It is also easy to learn and use. Now, the PC has made summarization of time study data a matter of seconds instead of hours. 时间研究----用来开发标准时间使用最广泛的工具依然是时间研究。时间研究能把你的工作或者项目中发生的事情展现出来。时间研究也比较容易学习使用。如今，电脑用几秒而不是几小时就能总结时间研究。 Activity sampling——An often overlooked tool is activity sampling, usually called work sampling by North American IEs. In this technique, a group of workers are observed at random times and their individual activities noted each hour. After a week or two, the average time spent on each activity can be calculated, and statistically justified. The average time per piece can then be determined. 活动抽样----一个经常被忽视的工具是活动抽样, 北美的工业工程师通常称之为工作抽样。这种技术抽取随机时间观察工人并在每个小时对他们个人的活动作出记录。一两周后, 每个活动的平均花费时间可以被计算并系统地定义下来。每件工作的平均时间就能够确定。 Let’s quickly review the techniques, and put them into perspective according to the tasks for which they apply: motion analysis: very short, repetitive tasks; time study: short, repetitive and variable tasks; activity sampling: longer, variable tasks; historical data: long, repetitive and variable tasks; estimates: seldom performed, variable tasks. 让我们快速回顾这些技术, 并弄清楚它们适用的任务 动作分析:时间非常短的重复性工作。 时间研究:时间短的重复性变量工作 活动抽样: 时间较长的可变工作; 历史数据:时间较长的重复性可变