直接空气阴极生物燃料电池构建及产电性能研究.docVIP

直接空气阴极生物燃料电池构建及产电性能研究 温青 吴英 孙茜 朱宁正 (哈尔滨工程大学 材料科学与化学工程学院,哈尔滨 150001) 摘要：为提高生物燃料电池输出功率，降低内阻，实验以空气电极为阴极，泡沫金属为阳极，葡萄糖模拟废水为基质构建了直接空气阴极单室生物燃料电池（ACMFC），考察了电池的产电性能。结果表明，ACMFC的开路电压为0.576 V，内阻为3.97 Ω，最大输出功率为774.8 mW/m2（或21458 mW/m3废水）。放电曲线测试表明，ACMFC首次放电比容量和比能量分别为220.22 mAh/L和106.48 mWh/L。电化学交流阻抗（EIS）分析表明，ACMFC的欧姆内阻为0.95 Ω。当ACMFC对外供电分别处于活化极化区和欧姆极化区时，非欧姆电阻占总内阻的比例分别为85.8%和76.1%。提高ACMFC产电能力需要同时降低电池的非欧姆内阻和欧姆内阻。 关键词：微生物燃料电池；空气阴极；极化曲线；表观内阻 Study on electrochemical properties and construction of direct air-cathode microbial fuel cell WEN Qing，WU Ying，SUN Qian，ZHU Ning-zheng (College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China) Abstract：In order to promote the energy output of microbial fuel cell (MFC), reduce the internal resistance of MFC, a direct-air cathode single-chamber microbial fuel cell was constructed by using air electrode as cathode, foamed metal as anode and glucose as the anode fed. The results demonstrated that the open circuit voltage could reach 0.553 V, the apparent internal resistance of the cell was 3.97 Ω, the maximum power density could reach 774.8 mW/m2（21458 mW/m3）. The discharge curve test revealed that the first discharge capacity and energy was 220.22 mAh/L and 106.48 mWh/L. The EIS analysis showed that the ohmic resistance was 0.95 Ω. When the ACMFC was in the activation overpontential area, the ohmic overpontential area, the nonohmic resistance accounted for 85.8 % and 76.1% in the apparent internal resistance. Decreasing the ohmic resistance and nonohmic resistance is the key to ACMFC，s output increasing. Keywords：microbial fuel cell; air-cathode; polarization curve; apparent internal resistance 能源和环境是社会发展的重要影响因素。用于废水处理的生物燃料电池(MFC)的出现为获取生物质能源，保护环境提供了一条新途径。MFC是利用酶或者微生物作为阳极催化剂,通过其代谢作用将废水中有机物氧化产生电能的装置。MFC技术打破了传统的废水处理理念，实现了废水处理技术的重大革新，具有产能效率高，可同步废水处理和生物发电，废水处理成本低、剩余污泥量少等优点，近年来受到极大关注[1-5]。 然而，目前MFC的输出功率较低，距实际应用还有很大的距离。影响MFC性能的因素有很多，包括微生物种类、基质、细胞内部和外部的阻力、电极材料、反应器结构[6-7]等。其中反应器结构是重要因素之一