离子液体论文离子液体改性PVDFTiO_2纳米复合膜的制备及表征.doc

离子液体论文：离子液体改性PVDF/TiO_2纳米复合膜的制备及表征 【中文摘要】作为一项低能耗、无污染的新型水处理技术,膜分离已成为科研领域的研究热点之一,在水处理领域的应用也日趋广泛。水处理膜材料多为有机聚合物,其在机械强度、化学稳定性等方面的缺陷限制了有机膜的使用范围。有机-无机杂化膜虽然能改善有机膜的性能,但仍然存在着无机粒子的团聚、改性效果不够理想等难以克服的问题,同时限制了此类膜的实际生产应用。为克服膜材料本身的局限性,提高其水处理性能,有研究者陆续开展对无机粒子改性后再予以杂化的研究。而作为一种绿色溶剂,离子液体具有良好的化学稳定性与结构可设计性,这对于改善无机粒子本身物化性质及进一步提高有机-无机杂化膜性能方面大有潜力。基于此,笔者开展了离子液体（IL）改性聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF） /二氧化钛（TiO2）纳米复合膜的研究工作。首先采用传统的加热回流法制备了咪唑类离子液体,然后在纳米TiO2粒子的制备过程中将离子液体引入。实验发现,所得离子液体为高度不对称结构,且在纳米TiO2的改性过程中离子液体所带羧基发生了去质子化反应、缩聚反应,并在钛酸丁酯的水解缩聚过程中通过化学键合与所形成的TiO2粒子结合在一起,形成了纳米级别的TiO2-IL粒子。进而采用热致相分离法（TIPs）制备了PVDF/TiO2与PVDF/TiO2-IL体系复合膜,在对所得复合膜的表征中发现,PVDF/TiO2-IL体系中离子液体的存在增强了纳米粒子与稀释剂——邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMP）之间的作用力,阻碍了纳米粒子的团聚;单纯纳米TiO2粒子的添加没有改变PVDF的晶型且为物理共混,而改性后纳米TiO2-IL粒子的添加诱导了PVDF-β晶型的生成,且随着纳米TiO2-IL粒子投量的增加晶型转变更为明显。最后考察了PVDF/TiO2-IL体系复合膜的水处理性能,结果表明复合膜对浊度和Fe有很好的去除效果,对Mn和有机物的去除效果较差;一定量纳米TiO2-IL粒子的添加使复合膜的水通量及水处理性能有一定程度的提升。 【英文摘要】Membrane techhology as a new type of water treatment technology that is low energy consumption and non-pollution has become a hot spot in the field of scientific research, and the application has become more and more widely. For organic materials, the defect such as mechanical strength and chemical stability limits the scope of application of organic membrane. Organic-inorganic membrane although can improve the performance, but there are still some problems difficult to overcome such as the reunion of inorganic paticles and insufficient ideal effect of modification, which limit the actual production of these membranes. In order to overcome the limitation of the material in membrane preparation and improve its performance in water treatment, reseatchers have continued carring out the modification of inorganic paticles and then hybrid to the membrane. As a green solvent, ionic liquids have good chemical stability and the structure can be designed, which have great potentiality in improving the physicochemical properties of inorganic nano-paticles and further improving the performance of organic-inorganic hybrid memb