L19 Culture and Translation专用课件.pptVIP

Culture and Translation 文化与翻译（2） Contents Translation of names, titles, and brands Translation of books and movies Translation of idioms Names 中国有“正名”的传统： 名不正，则言不顺；言不顺，则事不成。（《论语》子路篇第十三：三） If language is incorrect, then what is said does not concord with what was meant; and what is said does not concord with what was meant, what is to be done cannot be effected. ( Arthur Waley ) “重姓轻名” VS “重名轻姓” 中国：姓+名 “宗族之上”、“光宗耀祖”的观念 英语国家：教名+中间名+姓 Full name = Christian name/ first name/ given name + middle name/ second name + surname/ family name/ last name “男女各姓” VS “妇随夫姓” Please translate: 祥林嫂 （鲁迅《祝福》） 阿庆嫂 （京剧样板戏《沙家浜》） Western countries: Married woman uses the last name of her husband. Marie White + John Brown = Marie / John Brown New trends: Mary Brown + John Williams = Mary / John Brown-Williams 男刚女柔、寓意丰富 汉语： 男名：志、宏、武、斌、强、国、民、华、海、胜、昌等。 女名：丽、珍、玉、琴、娟、洁、莉、梅、花、菊、秀等。 English： Andrew (刚强), Anthony (无比可贵), Charles (大丈夫), Jack (刚强), John (神的恩典),Michael (神之宠) Alice (美丽), Catherine (纯洁), Emily (勤劳), Jenny (文静), Nancy (高雅), Margaret (珍珠) 姓氏来源 1.古地名 秦、韩、赵、魏、宋、齐、梁、陈等 London, Lancaster, Boston, Everest, Snowdon, Hudson,etc. 2. 居住地 东郭、南郭、西门 Field, Hill, Brook, Lane, Shore,etc. 3. 职业 石、陶、屠、巫等 Baker, Carpenter, Fisher, Hunter, Butcher, Mason, Tailor, etc. 4. 颜色 白居易、黄遵宪等。 Blue, Brown, Red, Green, Orange, Black, Scarlet, White, etc. 5. 家族姓氏 Johnson, Wilson, Thomson Macarthur (Arthur的儿子，Mac表父子关系) Fitzgerald (Gerald的儿子，Fitz表示父名) 6. 动植物 马、牛、熊、龙等 Lamb, Fox, Wood, Flower, etc. 7. 自然现象 雷锋、风清扬、水均益、火风 Snow, Frost, Cloud, Rain, etc. 8. 体型外貌 Bigge, Buch (邦齐，表驼背), Fatt, Small, Short, Long, Longfellow, etc. Practice 翻译原则：“名从主人，物从中国”（孔子） Monroe Doctrine 门罗主义 Marilyn Monroe (American actress) 玛丽莲·梦露 Michael Jordan 迈克尔·乔丹 George W. Bush 乔治·W ·布什 Attention Conan Doyle 柯南道尔 （姓与名之间没有实心点） Bernard Shaw 萧伯纳（姓名倒置） Leigton Stuart 司徒雷登 Kevin Rudd （Austrilian Prime Minister） 陆克文 （有中文名） Practice I am no Hamlet. 我绝不犹豫。（不译为：我不是哈姆莱特） His income derived from ilicit activities---bookmaking, gambling, shylocking