Pun 双关语供参习.doc

Pun 双关语1Definition: A pun (or paronomasia) is a phrase that deliberately exploits confusion between similar-sounding words for humorous or rhetorical effect. A pun may also cause confusion between two senses of the same written or spoken word. 1.2Three conditions for the construction of pun: 1,Double Context (双重情景) 2,Hinge(铰链，同音异义词或多义词) 3,Trigger(触机，即促成双关语形成的关键因素) “My Faith is gone!” cried he, after one stupefied moment. (Howthorne, Young Goodman Brown) The double context in this example is that on one hand Faith is dying of a serious disease, while on the other hand, the husband believes that God can save his wife. The trigger is that God does not make His power felt and Faith is dead. The hinge is the word “Faith”. With the same pronunciation, it can not only refer to a lady called “Faith” but also the “strong belief” held by the husband. It fits both of the contexts. 1.3The major types of pun 双关指的是借助语言文字上的同音异义或同形异义现象使一个词语或句子具有两种不同的意思。在英语中，同音异义或同形异义词是构成双关的最简便的方法，在语义上，它是一种模棱两可，显而易见的词汇歧义。使用多义词，以便在话语中暗示该词有两种或多种词义；或使用同音异义词来创造使用者所需要的效果。 双关有如下三种表现形式： 1)Homophonic [,h?m?uf?nik] puns 谐音双关 .The homophonic pun, a common type, utilizes the exploitation [,ekspl?itei??n] of word pairs which sound alike (homophones) but are not synonymous. A homophonic pun exploits words which are spelled the same (homographs) but possess different meanings and sounds. Because of their nature, they rely on sight more than hearing, contrary to homophonic puns. They are also known as heteronymic puns. 谐音双关指的是借助话语在发音上的完全相同或相似而构成的双关。这种双关在英语中首先巧妙的运用同音异形异义词，紧扣双重语境，诗人产生由表及里的联想，增添不同的感情色彩，能收到语言新鲜活泼、诙谐有趣、滑稽幽默、生动形象的修辞效果。 例句： 1.On Sunday they pray for you and on Monday prey on you. 星期天他们为你祈祷，星期一他们却向你榨取。 2.Seven days without water makes one weak (week). 七天不喝水，虚的拉不动腿。 2)Homographic [,h?m?uɡr?fik] puns 词义双关 . Homonymic puns, another common type, arise from the exploitation of words which are both homographs and homophones. A homonymic pun may also be polysemic, in which the words