脐带血干细胞移植的研究及临床应用.doc

脐血干细胞移植的研究及临床应用 摘 要　脐血作为干细胞的主要来源，近年来国内外对其进行了大量的基础性研究和临床探索。已经证实脐血中含有大量造血干细胞、丰富的间充质干细胞。临床干细胞移植治疗采用脐血具有诸多优势，如来源丰富，组织配型时间短，抗原表达弱，加之间充质干细胞的免疫调节及加速造血恢复等影响，脐血的移植成功率高，移植反应弱、移植物抗宿主病少见。目前脐血移植治疗的疾病已经达到80余种，治疗的病人全世界已经超过了6000例。脐血移植已经在恶性肿瘤、免疫缺陷、心脏病、神经系统损伤、组织器官修复、糖尿病、血管疾病等疾病的治疗上显示巨大的潜力。 主题词 脐血；干细胞; 造血干细胞；间充质干细胞；移植 中图分类号 R457.7；R392.4 Umbilical Cord Blood Transplant study and clinic practice Zhou Fei,Zhang Xiaofeng Second hospitial of YueQin ,ZheJiang,YueQin325600 Obstract Umbilical cord blood(UCB),as a main source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).Recently, a great number of basic studies and clinic practices are having been done in china and the world It has been found that UCB contains a significantly higher number of HSCs and abundance of mesenchymal cells(MSCs).It shows much advantage over clinical stem cell transplant with UCB. For example, UCB has plenty of source ,whose tissue to match needs less time ,antigen’s expression is feebler ,while MSCs acts on regulating immunity and speeding hematopoietic recovery ,so that UCBT is easier to success and it’s reaction is feebler, while graft versus host disease(GVHD)is little .The treated diseases by Umbilical Cord Blood transplant(UCBT) have reached more than 80 sorts and the treated patients have gott more than six thousands in the world. UCBT has appeared tremendous potential in treatment of malignant tumour ,immunodeficiency, heart diseases , damage in nerve system, repair for tissue organ, diabetes and vascular diseases ,etc. Keyword Umbilical cord blood; Stem cells; Hematopoietic stem cells;Mesenchymal stem cells; Transplant Chinese Library Classification(CLC) R457.7；R392.4 造血干细胞移植(Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplant,HSCT)是目前治疗难治性血液病、免疫缺陷病及恶性肿瘤的主要手段之一, 而脐血（Umbilical cord blood,UCB）作为造血干细胞 (Hematopoietic Stem Cells，HSCs)的重要来源，自1988年Gluckman采用脐血移植,UCBT）成功治疗一位患Fanconi贫血的五岁儿童脐血移植治疗的疾病已0余种的病人已超过6000例。。 1．脐血移植的优势 1.1首先是脐血来源丰富我国每年约有1200万新生儿，目前国际2%细菌污染3%～5%病毒感染8%有核细胞数量少5%其他，960万份短期内收集大量不同HLA）型的临床II(HLA-II)类抗原表达率低，几乎没有抗