低碳陷阱问题与对策.docVIP

低碳陷阱问题与对策 　　摘 要：长期以来高碳发展模式导致生态恶化和环境污染，带来精神和心理的恐惧感，降低了人们的幸福感，背离了广义虚拟经济的以人为本要求。西方发达国家要求所有国家都要承担一样的减排责任，并以低碳名义对其他国家进行碳壁垒等经济制裁，形成阻碍发展中国家发展的“低碳陷阱”问题。针对“低碳陷阱”问题，要以广义虚拟经济理论为指导，深刻分析低碳陷阱可能带来的机遇和挑战，进而提出更加体现以人为本的发展对策，主要包括加快低碳转型，发展低碳产业，加强技术创新，构建国家低碳创新系统，加大人力资本投资，积极开展低碳外交，提高国家低碳经济主导权和话语权。 　　关键词：广义虚拟经济；低碳经济；低碳陷阱；发展对策 　　中图分类号：F062.2 文献标识：A 文章编号：1674-9448 （2016） 03-0054-09 　　Abstract： For a long time， the high carbon development model has led to ecological deterioration and environmental pollution， which brings a sense of fear of the spirit and psychology， and reduces peoples well-being， and deviates from the people-oriented requirements of the generalized virtual economy. Western developed countries requires that all countries have to bear the same responsibility for emissions reductions and in the name of the low carbon to other countries were carbon barriers of economic sanctions， and the formation of a low carbon trap problems that hinder the development of developing countries. Aiming at the problem of low carbon trap and need to in the Generalized Fictitious Economy Theory as a guide， a profound analysis of the trap of low-carbon may bring opportunities and challenges， and then propose a more embodies the people-centered development strategies， mainly including accelerating low carbon transition， the development of low carbon industry， strengthening the technology innovation， and the construction of the national low carbon innovation system， increasing the investment in human capital， and to develop low carbon diplomacy actively， to improve national low carbon economy leading rights and the right to speak. 　　Keywords： generalized virtual economy， low carbon economy， low carbon trap， development strategy 　　一、引言 　　快速发展的工业化进程，使得我们这个地球资源耗费和二氧化碳排放不堪重负。人们通过对自然的斗争与改造，基本能满足生存的需求，但长期以来的工业化、城市化所带来的高能耗、高污染、高排放的发展模式，使生态恶化、环境污染特别是雾霾天气频现，人们难以呼吸到清新空气，带来精神和心理的恐惧感，降低了人们的满意度和幸福感。这种经济模式显然背离了广义虚拟经济要求。林左鸣教授指出，世界已经进入“广义虚拟经济时代”，经济学仅关注物质产品的生产是远远不够的，也是非常片面的。“人心”是“辽阔”的，人的心理满足关注的不仅是物质方面，满足人们