Lesson7(2010 revised).ppt

Lesson 7 Translation of Negation, Numerical Multiple 7.1 Translation of Negation Negation in form and meaning/sense 7.1.1 Complete Negation A) “no, not, nobody, none, nowhere, neither, nor” ,etc. -------- negative (Chinese) e.g. Apart from the obviously arithmetical work like pay calculations, there is much work which can be put into a mathematical form although at first sight it may not appear to have anything to do with arithmetic. 除了像计算机付款这样明显的算术工作之外,还有许多工作可以表述为数学形式,虽然乍看起来他们与算术一点关系都没有。 7.1.1 Complete Negation B) emphasis on negation: “never, not … at all, cannot possibly, by no means, in no way, none, nothing, not nearly, short of” etc. ------ emphasis on negation in Chinese. e.g. In this case, the cutting tool, that is, the drill, turns fast, but the work piece doesn’t move at all. 在这种情况下,切削刀具,即钻头,快速运转,但工件却根本不动。 7.1.2 Partial Negation A) “not” +”every, all, both, always, each, many, much, often”, etc. or: “not” + Verbs(句子的谓语动词) ------ “不全是”, “不总是”, “并非都”, etc. e.g. Eclipses are not seen in every part of the world. 不是在世界上所有地方都能看到日食和月食的。 Not each transistor in the box is out of order. 盒子里的晶体管并非每个都是坏的。 7.1.2 Partial Negation B) adverbs indicating negation such as “scarcely”, “hardly”, “rarely”, “seldom”, “barely”, “few”, “little”, etc. e.g. At the same time, it is noticed that the sound becomes gradually weaker, until it scarcely audible although the bell is still ringing. 同时人们会注意到, 尽管电铃仍在响, 但是声音逐渐变弱, 直至几乎听不到。 7.1.3 Negation in sense/meaning Words phrases showing negation: “缺陷, 缺少,脱落,排除,忽略,不知” 5.1.3.1 some verbs and verbal phrases such as “deny”, “fail”, “neglect”, “lack”, “ignore”, “refuse”, “miss”, “exclude”, “refrain”, “prevent…from”, “save…from”, “protect… from”, “keep…from”,etc. e.g. The value of loss in this equation is so small that we can overlook it. 在此方程式中,损耗值太小,可以忽略不计。 7.1.3.1 Keep the petroleum from the fire. It will burst into flame. 别让石油挨近火,否则会烧起来的。 The experiment failed of success. 实验没有成功。 His manners are still