转向助力机构设计.docVIP

摘要 汽车转向系统分为机械式转向系统和助力式式转向系。其中助力式的是在机械转向器基础上发展的。在今天，助力式转向系统因其优良的稳定性和可操作性开始垄断市场，更值得一提的是电动助力式转向系统以其独特的优点开始发挥越来越大的作用。并且逐渐成为国际上最流行的转向系统，但由于其机构相对复杂，还未完全被汽车厂商采用。为了和国际接轨，本文对电动转向机构进行设计。从转向盘、转向柱、电动机、转矩传感器、离合器、电流传感器一直到齿轮齿条转向器都进行了简要的论述。在本文中重点进行转向器齿轮齿条的设计计算和对转向齿轮轴的校核，主要方法和理论采用汽车设计的经验参数和大学所学机械设计的课程内容进行设计，其结果满足强度要求，安全可靠。 关键词：机械转向器；齿轮齿条转向器；电动助力 Abstract Auto steering system is divided into mechanical power steering system and steering-style department. One type of assistance is based on the steering gear in the machinery of development. Recently power steering system because of its excellent stability and maneuverability started to monopolize the market, but also worth mentioning that the electric power steering system for its unique advantages began to play an increasing role. And gradually become the most popular steering system, but because of the relative complexity of its agencies, car manufacturers have not yet been fully used. Order and international standards, this article on the design of electric steering. From the steering wheel, steering column, electric motors, torque sensors, clutch, current sensor to the rack and pinion steering are briefly discussed. In this article focus on the design of rack and pinion steering gear calculation and on the steering gear shaft of the check, the main methods and theoretical experience in the use of car design parameters and the University of mechanical design school curriculum design, and its results to meet the strength requirements, safe and reliable. Key words: mechanical steering; rack and pinion steering gear; electric power; 目 录 1 前言 1 2直接助力式电动转向系统的结构和工作原理 2 3转向盘设计 2 4转矩传感器的选择 3 5电动机的选择 4 6离合器的选择 4 7电流传感器 5 8齿轮齿条转向器的设计 5 8.1材料的选择 5 8.2精度等级的确定 6 8.3螺旋角的选择 6 8.4输入扭距的确定 6 8.5齿轮法面模数的确定 6 8.6齿条齿数Z 2的选择 8 8.8中心距a的确定 8 8.9齿顶高、齿根高的确定 8 8.10几何计算 8 9轴的结构设计及校核 10 9.1齿轮上作用力的大小 11 9.2垂直面上的支反力及截面弯矩 12 9.3水平面上轴承的支反力及主要截面的弯矩 12 9.4截面C处垂直面和水平面的合成弯矩 13 9.5按弯扭合成应力校核轴的强度 13 10总结 14