考研真题必做翻译.docx

必做翻译1997 72.Some philosophers argue that/ rights exist only within a social contract,/ as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. 一些哲学家认为，作为职责和利益交换的部分，权利只存在社会合同中。一些哲学家论证说，权利只存在社会契约中，是责任与利益交换的一部分。74.Arguing from the view/ that humans are different from animals/ in every relevant respect,/ extremists of this kind think that/ animals lie outside the area of moral choice.从在所有相关方面，人类和动物都不相同的观点来看，这种想法的极端分子认为动物处于道德选择之外。这种极端主义者认为，人与动物在每一个相关方面都不相同。他们认为，动物没有道德选择的问题。75.When that happens,/ it is not a mistake:/ it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action,/ an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.当事件发生，这不是一个错误：这是人用道德观念进行推理的本能，一种需要被鼓励而不是嘲笑的本能。当这种情况发生，这并没有错：这是人类用道德观念进行推理的本能在起作用，这种本能应得到鼓励而不应遭到嘲弄。200071.Under modern conditions,/ this requires varying measures of centralized control/ and hence the help of specialized scientists/ such as economists and operational research experts. 在目前情况下，这需要改变中心控制的方法和提高特殊科学的帮助，就像经济和运筹专家。在现代条件下，这需要程度不同的中央控制，从而就需要获得诸如经济学家和运筹学家等领域专家的协助。72.Furthermore, it is obvious/ that the strength of a country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry,/ and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.还有，显而易见的是，一个国家的经济力量是与农业和工业生产效率有直接联系的，并且这次的转变影响着所有种类的科学家和工程学家。而且，显而易见的是，一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率密切相关，而效率的提高又有赖于各种科技人员的努力。73.Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications,/ people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas,/ while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above.由于在大众交流的里程碑式的发展，各地的人们感受到新的需求，并且受到新习俗和新想法的影响，由于各种理由，然而政府常常被迫坚持进一步的改革。由于大众通讯的显著发展，各地的人们正不断感到有新的需求，并且正接受到新的习俗和思想。由于上述原因，政府不得不采取更进一步的革新措施。74.in the early industrialized countries of Europe/ the process of industrialization -- with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed -- was spread over nearly a century,/ whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same proces