高中英语语法讲解一冠词和名词.docVIP

高中英语语法讲解一 冠词和名词 1.冠词和名词 一、不定冠词a(an)的主要用法A. 不定冠词a(an)用于单数可数名词前表示。 eg. ①a girl②an English bookB. 不定冠词用来表示类别,指某一类人或某一类事物中的一个。eg. ① His father is a doctor. ② I work in a middle school in Beijing. C. 不定冠词用于eg.① The rent is $100 a week.D. 指某人或某物，意为a certain① A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 有位姓凌的先生在等你① What a pleasant surprise you brought us. F. 表示“一次”、“一场”、“一段”等“一……”的概念，常与动词连用构成短语，名词前常有形容词修饰。 ① have a good time ，have a wonderful supper ，have a good knowledge/understanding of；have a population of ，have an income of ，cover an area of，reach a height of。 ② have a good time ，have a wonderful supper ，have a good knowledge/understanding of；have a population of ，have an income of ，cover an area of，reach a height of。 (接同源宾语的短语如: live/lead a happy/simple/hard/poor/bitter life，dream a strange dream， die a heroic death 二、定冠词the的用法：A. 加可数名词单数表示一类事物。 eg. The horse is a very useful animal. B.与名词连用表示特指。 1) 特指双方都明白的人或物。Take the medicine.　把药吃了。表示上文提到过的人或事物He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning. The dictionary is very good. 　　　 用来表示世界上独一无二的事物the sun, the moon, the sky, the earth, the worldD. 用于表示阶级,党派的名词前eg. the Chinese Communist Party中国共产党, the working class工人阶级 , the proletariat 无产阶级用于复数的姓氏前,表示两夫妇或全家,在此情况下,这类名词作复数对待。eg. ①When we got there, the s were waiting for us. ②The Smiths watch TV every day.F.用于乐器名词前,但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词。 eg. play the piano, play the violin, play erhu常用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前。(. 用于许多江海,山脉,群岛等名词前：eg. the Yellow River, the East Sea, the Himalayas, the Pacific Ocean(. 用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称eg. the Peoples Republic of China ; the United States(. 用于机关,团体,朝代,时代,报刊杂志等名词前:eg. the United Nations, the State Council, the Tang ynasty, the Peoples Daily, the Summer Palace, the Peace Hotel, the TimesH.用于表示方位的名词前。 eg. the east; the southwest; the middle; the Far East ; on the left 用于某些形容词或过去分词前,表示一类人或事物eg. the poor ; the rich; the living; the young; the wounded; the beautifulJ. 在逢十的年号的复数或所有格前加the, 指世纪的某个年代。 eg. in the 1930’s/in the