海运提单管理研究.docVIP

摘 要 在国际贸易中，有90%的贸易量是通过海运完成的，海运提单则是国际货物海上运输中使用的最广泛的一种单据，其在国际货物运输中存在的风险也就无处不在。本文就将对海运提单在国际贸易中的重要地位和作用以及其在实际运用中海运提单存在的各种风险作出具体分析，并提出相应的规避措施。 海运提单风险的表现形式主要是倒签和预借提单、伪造提单、以保函换取清洁提单、无提单放货、记名提单等。通过对这些提单风险的研究，有利于在国际贸易中对海运提单可能产生的风险做出有效防范，减少和避免因为提单使用而带来的经济损失。 同时，通过对海运提单存在的风险的研究，也可以促进我国关于海运提单管理制度方面的完善，并提高各外贸企业对海运提单风险的防范意识。因此，对海运提单的风险及其相应的防范机制的研究有着重大的现实意义。 关 键 词:海运提单 风险 防范措施 Abstract In international trade, 90% of the volume of trade is done by sea, Bill of Lading is the international maritime transport of goods the most widely used in a document, and its presence in the international transport of goods will risk everywhere. In this article Bill of lading will be important in international trade status and role and its practical application in the Bill of lading in the presence of a variety of specific risks, and corresponding avoidance measures. Bill of lading forms of risk are mainly backdating and the master of the vessel, forged bill of lading, to guarantee in exchange for clean bill of lading, delivery of goods without the bill of lading, straight bill of lading and so on. Through the study of risk of these bills of lading, international trade in favor of the Bill of lading may have to make effective risk prevention, reduction and avoid the use of bills of lading caused economic losses. At the same time, through the Bill of lading risks of research, but also on the Bill of lading can promote our countrys improve the management system and enhance the Bill of lading of the foreign trade enterprises to the risk of awareness. Therefore, the risk of Bill of lading and the corresponding preventive mechanism of great practical significance. Keywords: Bill of lading Risk Preventive measures 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 目 录 III 绪 论 1 1 海运提单概述 2 1.1 海运提单的定义 2 1.2 海运提单的特征 2 2 不同类型的海运提单存在的风险 3 2.1 倒签提单与预借提单 3 2.1.1 倒签提单与预借提单的定义 3 2.1.2 倒签提单与预借提单存在的风险 4 2.2 伪造提单 5 2.2.1 伪造提单的定义 5 2.2.2 伪造提单存在的风险 5 2.3 凭保函签发清洁提单 5 2.3.1 凭保函签发清洁提单的定义 5 2.3.2 凭保函签发