饲料分类英文课件ChapterRoughages.pptVIP

Chapter 5  Roughages （粗饲料）  Introduction Definition Roughage is a bulky feed that has a low weight/unit of volume. More than 18% CF. Digestibility of components such as protein and energy is low. Introduction Classification Hay(干草): Hay is forage harvested during the growing period and preserved by drying for subsequent use. Crop Residues (藁秕饲料): Parts of plants that are left in the field following harvest of the primary crop. Both classes are of different nutritive value. 5.1 Hay（干草） 1. Nutritive value of hays Hay are used as a source of bulk in the ration primarily, and as a source of nutrients secondarily. Hay are primarily a source of energy, although high quality grass and legume hay may be excellent sources of protein, minerals and vitamins. Hay of average quality usually will contain from 25% to 32% CF . Characteristics of several dry hay(dry matter equivalent, or as-fed basis) 5.1 Hay（干草） 2. Advantages of hays Providing feed throughout the year. Stimulant in moving the feed through the intestines. Maintains the proper conditions in the rumen for the microbial action. ④ It speeds along the development of the young ruminant, lessens the incidence of displaced abomasum(真胃变位） in cattle. 5.1 Hay（干草） 3. Shortcomings of hays It varies in nutrient content and palatability more than any other feeds, because of differences in the Crops from which it is made; Stage of cutting; Handling; Weather. Not even ruminants can consume enough hay alone to meet the demands of high production. Fiber is poorly digested by monogastric animals. 5.1 Hay（干草） Haymaking Object of haymaking - To reduce the moisture content of green forage crops sufficiently to permit their safe storage without spoilage or serious loss of nutrients. - The maximum water content for baling hay is about 18% -22%, depending on the fineness of the hay, the rightness of the bale（草捆）, the humidity, and the amount of air movement. 5.1 Hay（干草） Hay losses b