23.奈米专题.pptVIP

* * “Honey, I shrunk the plant!” From Photonics Spectra, 1998 什麼是奈米？ 奈米是複合詞，“米”(meter)，也就是公尺，它是7個基本單位中， 長度的單位。 奈是10的負9次方(10-9, nano)，是前置數詞，如同毫是10-3, 微是10-6 一般，所以奈米就是10的負9次方米 (1 nm=10-9 m)。 什麼是奈米技術？ 奈米技術的定義說法多元，下二者較為常見： Technology on the scale of atoms (0.1 nm) up to biomolecular systems (large cells - 10’s mm) Nanotechnology is molecular manufacturing or more simply, building things one atom at a time, working in the range from 0.1 to 100 nm 奈米技術觀念的形成： Richard Feynman’s Stimulating Question(物理學家， Nobel Laureate) “What would happen if we could arrange the atoms one-by-one the way we want them?” 1959 Richard P. Feynmen: There’s plenty of Room at the Bottom Christmas, 1959, annual meeting of the American Physical Society at Cal Tech 微小化的趨勢： 製作微小元件的兩大途徑 1) “Top-down” - achieving increased miniaturization through extension of existing microfabrication schemes (延伸微影製程的製造技術) 2) “Bottom-up” - capability to construct functional components, devices, and systems from building blocks of atoms and molecules (堆疊原子或分子的製造技術) 奈米技術與現在的高科技有什麼關聯？ 生活中的小東西 Ball point pens, watches Hearing aids, pacemakers Fuel injectors Surface mount electronics CD read heads Computer disk read/write heads Fiber optic connectors and switches Smart toys 微電子技術重要里程碑 光學元件微型化 奈米技術有何重要性？ 前輩們的話: Nanotechnology is important! “We’ve got to learn how to build machines, materials, and devices with the ultimate finesse that life has always used: atom by atom, on the same nanometer scale as the machinery in living cells.” Richard Smalley, Nobel Laureate, 1995 “I believe nanoscience and nanotechnology will be central to the next epoch of the information age …” John Armstrong, formerly Chief Scientist of IBM, 1991 “Nanotechnology has given us the tools to make contact with the world of the molecule and the atom. … The possibilities to create new things appear limitless.” Horst Stoermer, Nobel Laureate 奈米技術可用在什麼地方？ 舉例說明： 1. Manipulation of