Yi Li-System-Level IO.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * Aside: Working with Binary Files Binary File Examples Object code, Images (JPEG, GIF), Functions you shouldn’t use on binary files Line-oriented I/O such as fgets, scanf, printf, rio_readlineb Different systems interpret 0x0A (‘\n’) (newline) differently: Linux and Mac OS X: LF(0x0a) [‘\n’] HTTP servers Windoes: CR+LF(0x0d 0x0a) [‘\r\n’] Use rio_readn or rio_readnb instead String functions strlen, strcpy Interprets byte value 0 (end of string) as special * For Further Information The Unix bible: W. Richard Stevens Stephen A. Rago, Advanced Programming in the Unix Environment, 2nd Edition, Addison Wesley, 2005 Updated from Stevens’s 1993 classic text. Stevens is arguably the best technical writer ever. Produced authoritative works in: Unix programming TCP/IP (the protocol that makes the Internet work) Unix network programming Unix IPC programming Tragically, Stevens died Sept. 1, 1999 But others have taken up his legacy * Next Dynamic Memory Management Suggesting Readings 9.9 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * open file table (shared by all process) V-node table (shared by all processes) file pos refcnt = 0 ... File access File size File type file pos refcnt = 2 ... file A file B file A file B fd0 fd1 fd2 fd3 fd4 fd5 fd6 fd7 Descriptor table (one table per process) … File access File size File type … Redirection dup2(4,1) * Redirection #include “csapp.h” int main() { int fd1, fd2; char c; fd1 = open(“foobar.txt”, O_RDONLY, 0) ; fd2 = open(“foobar.txt”, O_RDONLY, 0) ; read(fd2, c, 1) ; dup2(fd2, fd1) ; read(fd1, c, 1) ; printf(“c = %c\n”, c) ; exit(0) } foobar.txt foobar Fun with File Descriptors (1) What would this program print for file containing “abcde”? #include csapp.h int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int fd1, fd2, fd3; char c1, c2, c3; char *fname = argv[1]; fd1 = Open(fname, O_RDONLY, 0); fd2 = Open(fname, O_RDONLY, 0); fd3 = Open(fname, O_RDONLY, 0); Dup2(fd2, fd3); Read(fd