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1、affirm (自己宣誓并证实、自我誓证)：To state or allege a matter of fact affirmatively .To make a solemn and formal declaration (asseveration) that a testmony or statement is true (or the affirmant will tell the truth) ,this being substituted for an oath before a notary public in certain cases .affirmation和affidavit都可以指书面宣誓证词，只不过affirmation并未经过公证人员监督并签字证明，而是由誓证人本人自己宣誓其证词为真（因而会为此承担更为严重的伪证法律后果）。 2、aver（确认。确证）：To allege or assent a matter of fact formally and positively. 3.、depose（被书面记录的口头宣誓作证）：做口头宣誓证词并被当场笔录的证人被称为deponent. 4、oath（誓言、宣誓）：An affirmation of truth of a statement,which renders one willfully asserting untrue statements punshiable for perjury. 5、swear（宣誓、发誓）：To declare on oath the truth of a pleading. 6、verify（宣誓证词、郑重声明）：To confirm or substantiate（证明。。。有根据、证实）by oath. The word “verified”,when used in a statute, ordinarily imports a verity（表明真实性）attested by the sanctity（庄严、神圣）of an oath;it is frequently used interchangeably with（等同于、互换使用）sworn. Statute of limitations:（立法规定的）诉讼时效 It is the statutory period within which a lawsuit must be commenced. latches（因疏忽懈怠而致诉权丧失、而非立法规定的诉讼时效）is a doctrine rooted in equity.传统国际法领域的诉讼时效一般涉及laches 而非statute of limitations，这是因为习惯国际法上缺乏立法规定的statute of limitiations. Jurisdiction：管辖权、司法管辖权 The power and authority of a court to hear and determine a judicial proceeding（听审并裁定一起司法诉讼），it exists when the court has congizance of （对。。。有审理权）the class of cased involved, proper parties are present（在法院管辖区内）and duly served, and the issue（争议焦点）to be decided is within powers of the court.（注意与下区别） 1、in personam jurisdiction or personal jurisdiction（属人管辖权、对人管辖权）：in personam相当于directed toward a particular person，表示“对人或与人有关的”相对于in rem，相当于against a particular property，表示“对物”法院对被告实施属人管辖权的前提是对被告进行有效的送达。法院起初虽对被告无属人管辖权，但如果被告到庭全面应诉，法院也可以因此取得对被告人的属人管辖权。 2、in rem jurisdiction（对物管辖权）：法院对其管辖地域内的所有财产一般都拥有对物管辖权。 3、quasi in rem jurisdiction（准对物管辖权）：The power of a court over the defendents’s interset in a property, real or personal（不动产或动产）,within the jurisdiction of the co