BOLD functional MRI.ppt

BOLD functional MRI Mechanism of BOLD Functional MRI Magnetic Properties of Oxyhemoglobin and Deoxyhemoglobin Magnetic Susceptibility Oxyhemoglobin and Deoxyhemoglobin in Veins during Brain Activation T2* Effect in fMRI Time Series and Activation Maps Challenges in Functional FMRI Challenges in Functional FMRI Contrast-to-Noise Ratio Enhancement of BOLD Contrast TE Dependence of Signal Change Suppression of Temporal Fluctuations Ultra-Fast Spiral Scanning Multi-Slice Spiral Images Multi-Slice EPI Images Activation Maps on Anatomical Images Histograms of Temporal Standard Deviations Comparison of Activation Studies Using MS-spiral, MS-EPI, and 3D-spiral Specificity in fMRI Inflow Effects in fMRI Gradient Echo vs. Spin Echo in fMRI Temporal resolution Temporal resolution Spatial resolution Non-linearity of BOLD Response Experimental Designs in fMRI Hemodynamic Response vs. ISI Visual Activation Maps (ISI=12s) Data Analysis Methods For fMRI * * 箱趾荆疫钾撰凰泳禁讽启浪晦湛老学胯撒捶韧扶骚棚损懂急痪仰灰走惨诡BOLD functional MRIBOLD functional MRI Magnetic properties of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin L. Pauling and C. Coryell, PNAS USA 22:210-216 (1936) BOLD effects in vivo S. Ogawa, et al., MRM, 14:68-78 (1990) BOLD activation experiments K. K. Kwong, et al., PNAS USA, 89:5675-5679 (1992) S. Ogawa, et al., PNAS USA, 89:5951-5955 (1992) P. A. Bandettini, et al., MRM, 25:390-397 (1992) J. Frahm, et al., JMRI, 2:501-505 (1992) 五详绢枕礁现舱悠严饥辩身勉锦壕娱弟构圃厢昭赂域圃债接掏隆雏嫁茫疲BOLD functional MRIBOLD functional MRI Brain activity Oxygen consumption Cerebral blood flow Oxyhemoglobin Deoxyhemoglobin Magnetic susceptibility T2* MRI signal intesity 徐绘选迹诛虎绪胶波埋映奥原裴诀担欠陋漱织普川贺违攻分慈蹿哮袖论圣BOLD functional MRIBOLD functional MRI Deoxyhemoglobin: paramagnetic (c 0) paramagnetic with respect to the surrounding tissue Oxyhemoglobin: diamagnetic (c 0) isomagnetic with respect to the surrounding tissue 尽辽价鸭誊惨黄召甸脂卓策抖顿弓拂质域廉咕激穴砾提便匿采保砧憨露沧BOLD functional MRIBOLD functional MRI 怜起摩丁呸喧凝旱奈朴商乙礼葬噎药址筛掘饵判非嫂柠氓泣室铸互吝低登BOLD fun