女性生殖系统解剖+2011-4-7.pptVIP

ESSENTIAL INFORMATION The internal genital organs Vagina Uterus Fallopian tubes ovaries ESSENTIAL INFORMATION The internal genital organs----Uterus Cervix -Vaginal portion and supravaginal portion -Canal lined by columnar epithelium -Ectocervix lined by stratified squamous epithelium -External os opens into uterine cavity Isthmus - Junctional zone between cervix and corpus uteri - Forms lower segment in pregnancy Corpus uteri - Three layers of smooth muscle fibres - Cavity lined by endometrium - Change with stage of cycle Week -Round ligaments -Broad ligaments -Pubocervical ligaments Strong: -Uterosacral ligaments -Transverse ligaments ESSENTIAL INFORMATION The internal genital organs----Ligament Consist of four sections - Interstitial - Isthmus - Ampulla - Infundibulum (fimbriated ends) ESSENTIAL INFORMATION The internal genital organs----Fallopian tubes Paired almond-shaped organs Surface lies in peritoneal cavity ESSENTIAL INFORMATION The internal genital organs----Ovaries Internal iliac arteries Anterior division: Visceral Parietal - Visceral: Three vesical branches Uterine arteries - Parietal: Obturator artery Internal gluteal artery Posterior division: - Iliolumbar branch - Lateral sacral arteries - Inferior gluteal branches Ovarian arteries From aorta below renal arteries Rich anastomosis with uterine vessels ESSENTIAL INFORMATION Blood supply * 骨盆 形态大小与分娩密切相关 是胎儿娩出的通道 可直接影响分娩过程 骨盆 髋骨 髂骨 坐骨 耻骨 骶骨 尾骨 髂骨 坐骨 骶骨 耻骨 尾骨 髋骨 Pelvis 骶棘韧带： 骶骨、尾骨、坐骨棘 骶结节韧带：骶骨、尾骨、坐骨结节 关节及韧带 骨盆分解线： 耻骨联合上缘、骶胛上缘、髂耻缘 骨性标志： 耻骨联合；坐骨、坐骨棘、坐骨切迹； 骶骨、尾骨 假骨盆--大骨盆： 腹壁、髂骨翼、 第5腰椎 真骨盆-小骨盆： 入口、骨盆腔、 出口 骨盆三平面 真骨盆 ： 小骨盆 骨盆腔 ： 前浅后深的筒壮结构（前5厘米、后10厘米） 入口