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Application of Nanotechnology 纳米技术的应用 金材1班 刘闪 090500125 The special nature of carbon combined with the molecular perfection of single-walled nanotubes to endow them with exceptional material properties，such as very high electrical and thermal conductivity，strength，stiffness，and toughness。No other element in the period table bonds to itself in an extended network with the strength of the carbon-carbon bond。The delocalized pi-electron donated by each atom is free to move about the entire structure, rather than remain with its donor atom, giving rise to the first known molecule with metallic-type electrical conductivity. Furthermore，the high-frequency carbon-carbon bonds vibrations provide an intrinsic thermal conductivity higher than even diamond。In most conventional materials，however，the actual observed material properties——strength，electrical conductivity，etc. ——are degraded very substantially by the occurrence of defects in their structure. For example, high-strength steel typically fails at only about 1% of its theoretical breaking strength. CNTs, however, achieve values very close to their theoretical limits because of their molecular perfection of structure. 与由分子组成的单壁碳纳米管完美结合的碳的天然特性，使它拥有优越的材料性能，例如良好的导电性，导热性，高的强度、硬度和韧性。元素周期表中没有其他元素能用高强度的碳碳键以扩散的网状结构的形式与本身结合。其他原子提供的离开原来位置的电子自由的在整个结构中移动，而不是依旧属于它的提供者。这就产生了第一种我们知道的具有金属型导电性的分子。此外，碳碳键的高频率振动提供了它固有的比金刚石还高的导热性。然而，对于大多数传统的材料，他们本身的结构缺陷大大降低了它们实际可观测的材料性能，例如他们的强度、导电性等。例如：高强度钢通常在它们的理论破坏强度的1%时就会失效。然而，碳纳米管获得非常接近它们理论限度的价值是由于它们的分子结构的完善。 This aspect is part of the unique story of CNTs. CNTs are an example of true nanotechnology: they are under 100 nanometers in diameter, but are molecules that can be manipulated chemically and physically in very useful ways. They open an incredible range of applications in materials science, electronics, chemical processing, energy management, and many other fields. CNTs have extraordinary electrical conductivity, heat conductivity, an