国际劳动力素流动.pptVIP

Chapter 7 International Factor Movement国际要素流动 Introduction导论 International Labor Mobility国际劳动力素流动 International Borrowing and Lending国际借贷 Direct Foreign Investment and Multinational Firms国外直接投资与跨国公司 Summary总结 Appendix: More on Intertemporal Trade Introduction导论 Movement of goods and services is one form of international integration. 商品与服务流动仅是国际一体化的一种形式 Another form of integration is international movements of factors of production (factor movements).生产要素的流动 Factor movements include:包括 Labor migration劳动力 Transfer of capital via international borrowing and lending通过资本的借贷形成的资本流动 International linkages involved in the formation of multinational corporations跨国公司相关的联系 7-1 International Labor Mobility国际劳动力流动 A One-Good Model Without Factor Mobility没有要素流动的单一产品模型 Assumptions of the model:模型假设 There are two countries (Home and Foreign).两个国家 There are two factors of production: Land (T) and Labor (L).两种要素 Both countries produce only one good (refer to it as “output”).一种产品 Both countries have the same technology but different overall land-labor ratios.相同的技术，不同的土地—劳动比 Home is the labor-abundant country and Foreign is the land-abundant country.本国是劳动力充裕的国家，外国是土地充裕的国家 Perfect competition prevails in all markets.完全竞争 International Labor Movement劳动力的国际移动 Suppose that workers are able to move between the two countries.假定劳动力能在国家间流动 Home workers would like to move to Foreign until the marginal product of labor is the same in the two countries.国内工人将向外国流动直到劳动边际产出相等 This movement will reduce the Home labor force and thus raise the real wage in Home.减少国内劳动力供给，提高国内实际工资 This movement will increase the Foreign labor force and reduce the real wage in Foreign.相反，增加国外劳动力供给，减少其实际工资 The redistribution of the world’s labor force世界劳动力的再分配结果 Leads to a convergence of real wage rates实际工资率趋同 Increases the world’s output as a whole世界总产出增加 Leaves some groups worse off有一部分人利益受损 Extending the Analysis扩展分析 Modifying the model by adding some complications:考虑更加复杂的情况 Suppose the countries produce two goods,