2017届高考英语第一轮语法复习导学案9.docVIP

第十讲 动词的时态和语态 单句语法填空 1．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)It was raining lightly when I arrived (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 2．(2015·广东高考语法填空)He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what was_left (leave)． 3．(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)A boy on a bike caught (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. 4．(2014·辽宁高考语法填空)Be patient! Tai Chi is_called (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well as strong. 5．(2014·广东高考语法填空)We were_told (tell) that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, but for the week after. 6．(2015·北京高考改编)In the last few years, China has_made (make) great achievements in environmental protection. 7．(2015·北京高考改编)—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment. —All right. I will_call (call) him later. 8．(2015·安徽高考改编)It is reported that a space station will_be_built (build) on the moon in years to come. 一、时态 (一)一般现在时 1．一般现在时的构成 一般现在时主要由动词的原形表示，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语一般由动词原形后加-s或-es构成。其变化规则如下： 情况 变化规则 例词 一般情况 直接加-s work—works　learn—learns come—comes play—plays want—wants need—needs 结尾为-s，-x，-sh，-ch或-o 在词尾加-es pass—passes discuss—discusses teach—teaches wash—washes fix—fixes go—goes 结尾为“辅音字母＋y” 变y为i再加-es carry—carries　cry—cries study—studies worry—worries 2.一般现在时的用法 1)主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time等时间状语。 Secondary school in the USA usually covers seven years, grades six to twelve. 美国的中学通常是七年制，即从六年级到十二年级。 2)表示主语目前的性格、特征、状态或能力等。 ①She knows French and German besides English. 除了英语，她还会法语和德语。 ②Planning so far ahead makes no sense — so many things will have changed by next year. 这么早作计划没有什么意义——到明年很多事情会发生变化。 3)表示客观真理、科学事实及自然现象，或用在格言中。 ①It’s known that the earth goes round the sun. 众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。 ②“Life is like walking in the snow，” Granny used to say, “because every step shows.” 奶奶过去经常说，“人生就像在雪中行走，因为每一步都留有足迹。” 4)一般现在时代替一般将来时。 (1)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中表示将来的动作或状态，可用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主句仍用一般将来时。 ①I