MainlandHongKongSARandMacaoSARIntellectualProper.pptVIP

許焯權 香港大學文化政策研究中心 Desmond Hui, CCPR, HKU Mainland, Hong Kong SAR and Macao SARIntellectual Property Symposium 2003 December 11-12, 2003Intellectual Property Training Centre, Beijing 如何利用知識產權促進經濟發展 Intellectual Property Rights as a Tool to Economic Development 知識產權作為經濟發展及公共政策的考慮，乃透過創意產業的提倡及推廣，英國政府率先在一九九七年將創意產業納入其經濟發展的政策。 IP is on the agenda for economic development and public policy through the promotion of Creative Industries, first formulated as a government policy and strategy by Britain in 1997, where 英國政府將創意產業定義為「產業源於個別創意、技術及人才，透過創造及運用知識產權，可帶來財富及就業的潛力。」 Creative Industries were defined as “those industries which have their origin in individual creativity, skill and talent and which have a potential for wealth and job creation through the generation and exploitation of intellectual property.” 知識產權的概念令「創意產業」有別於一般的「文化產業」，因為創意得以客觀化及合法化。 The incorporation of the concept of IP also distinguishes the term “Creative Industries” from the general “Cultural Industries” as the qualification of creativity is now objectified and indeed legalized. 雖然文化及藝術通常都與創意扯上關係，故此某程度上也和知識產權有關，但其涉及的範圍太廣，在概念上較難清楚界定。 Although culture and the arts are involved primarily with creativity and therefore to some extent with IP, the realm is much wider and therefore not as conceptually clear to be defined. 這也是許多人對創意產業誤解的地方：他們認為只將十一至十三項產業界定為創意產業，是否等於說其他產業便沒有創意？ This is also where some detractors of Creative Industries fail to understand the significance of the concept when they speak of the absurdity of identifying only 11-13 sectors of economic activities as “creative” – as if the rest were not. 他們不明白這個界定是基於知識產權所賦予這些產業經濟(或盈利)的權利的保障。 The point of the whole exercise of identification and inclusion, however, is to demarcate the extent of IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) so that the economic rights (or the rights to profit) are protected. 英國創意產業包括了13個類別: 廣告、建築、藝術品、古董市場及工藝品市場、設計、時裝設計、電影與錄像、互動消閒軟件、音樂、表演藝術、出版、軟件與電腦服務及電視與電台。 The UK identified 13 sectors under th