OpticalCommunicationNetworksInTaiwan台湾光纤通讯网路.pptVIP

The STM-1 Frame SDH frames transmitted serially at 8,000 frames per second 125 microsecond frame period 2430 bytes per frame x 8 bits/byte = 19,440 bits/frame 19,440 bits/frame x 8,000 frames/sec = 155,520,000 bps 155.52 Mbps = STM-1 (STS-3c in SONET) E-4 (139.264 Mbps) fits nicely in STM-1 frame (VC-4) SDH Subrate Multiplexing SDH networks are high capacity systems STM-64 = 129,000 voice telephone calls! Failure requires instant restoration SDH has Automatic Protection Switching (APS) Perhaps the most critical aspect of the technology Linear networks use duplicate fiber(s) and sometimes duplicate equipment for protection Ring networks use duplicate fibers and a working and protect span for protection 50 ms restoral time ITM - The Lucent Technologies Integrated Transport Management, abbreviated to ITM, offers modularity in management functionality, enabling Lucent Technologies to offer a customized set of management capabilities, dependent on the individual customer requirements. The possible functionality of ITM in terms of ITU-management classes is: (1) Fault and Event; (2) Configuration; (3) Performance Monitoring; (4) Testing; (5) Security. Economics favor highest available bit rate per channel 40% lower cost/bit for each 4x increase in bit rate (at maturity) Network Examples STM-16 A10601-1 STM-4 H10604-12 STM-4 H10003-11 STM-4 H24202-11 STM-4 H24201-11 STM-4 H24102-11 STM-4 H24102-21 STM-16 A4101-1 STM-4 H10606-21 STM-4 H10606-11 STM-4 H10002-22 STM-16 A10001-1 STM-4 H10001-11 STM-4 H23501-21 STM-4 H23502-31 STM-4 H23502-11 STM-4 H22003-11 STM-4 H23402-11 STM-4 H22001-21 STM-16 A23501-1 STM-4 H23401-11 STM-4 H23101-11 STM-16 A23102-1 STM-4 H23102-21 STM-4 H10603-21 STM-4 H10604-11 B STM-4 H10603-11 B STM-16 A10601-3 STM-16 A10601-2 STM-4 H10601-22 STM-4 H10601-21 STM-4 H10601-12 STM-4 H10601-11 STM-16 CO23504-3 H10601 AH(2,8) H10601 AH(2,7) B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B A10601 A1(1,2,7) STM-4 H10602-21 STM-4 H10602-11 B B B B B B H10602 H(2,7) A10601 A