SludgeTreatment.pptVIP

*12 Sludge treatment 12 Sludge Treatment 12.1 Overview 12.2 Thickening 12.3 Biological sludge stabilisation 12.4 Volume reduction 12.5 Sludge disposal Technische Universit?t Dresden Department of Hydro Science, Institute for Urban Water Management Peter Krebs Urban Water Systems 12.1 Overview 12 Sludge treatment Composition of sludge ? All non-degraded compounds extracted from wastewater are found in the sludge Micro-organisms Viruses, pathogens, germs in general Organic particles, heavily bio-degradable Organic compounds, inert, adsorpted to sludge flocs Heavy metals Micro-pollutants, pharmaceuticals, endocrine disrupters Predominantly water Goals of sludge treatment Volume reduction Elimination of pathogenic germs Stabilisation of organic substances Recycling of substances Thickening Dewatering If used in agriculture as fertiliser or compost Gas production Reduction of dry content Improvement of dewatering Reduction of odour Nutrients, fertiliser Humus Biogas Overview Thickening Thickening Hygienisation Stabilisation Dewatering Drying Incineration Process water Biogas Energy Agriculture Disposal site Atmosphere Wastewater treatment Primary, secondary, tertiary sludge Construction industry Gujer (1999) Sludge Treatment Alternatives Eckenfelder Santhanam (1981) 12.2 Thickening 12 Sludge treatment Thickening by Gravity Gravitative separation, similar to settling tank Supernatant is introduced to primary clarifier or – if floatables and grease contents are high – to grid chamber Additional mechanic stirring to enhance flocculation and extraction of water and gas Thickened sludge is withdrawn from hopper and introduced to sludge treatment For an efficient thickening process the development of gas bubbles must be prevented Gravity Thickener Thickened sludge Picket fence Scum scimmer Inflow Sludge liquor Dimensioning of gravity thickeners surface Solids overflow rate Typ