ThermalExpansion.pptVIP

Physics 1 (Garcia) SJSU * Use digital thermometer and small bottle of mercury. Wear insulated glove so temperature rise isn’t due to contact with hands. Shake vigorously for about a minute for a 2-3 degree increase of temperature. Careful not to spill mercury! Temperature, Heat Thermal Expansion * Physics 1 (Garcia) SJSU Temperature Temperature of an object indicates average internal energy (due to molecular motion) of the object. Temperature Scales led路灯、无极灯、led景观灯 * Physics 1 (Garcia) SJSU Liquid Nitrogen Nitrogen gas becomes a liquid at -320 oF, which is still over 130 oF warmer than absolute zero. * Physics 1 (Garcia) SJSU Total versus Average The total amount of money in this room is probably around $1000. The average amount of money per person is probably around $20. Temperature of an object depends on the average amount of energy per molecule, not the total. Bucket of warm water can have more internal energy than cup of hot water. 80 °F 100 °F * Physics 1 (Garcia) SJSU Internal Energy Internal energy of an object depends on: Temperature Mass Material 1 kg Temperature Internal Energy 300 K 120,000 J 200 K 80,000 J 100 K 40,000 J 0 K 0 Joules Iron Temperature Internal Energy 300 K 120 J 200 K 80 J 100 K 40 J 0 K 0 Joules Iron 1 gram Temperature Internal Energy 300 K 1,200,000 J 200 K 800,000 J 100 K 400,000 J 0 K 0 Joules Water 1 kg 1000 grams * Physics 1 (Garcia) SJSU Money and Happiness Some people need a lot of money to make them happy. Some don’t. Some materials, such as water, need a lot of energy to raise their temperature. Some materials, such as iron, need little energy to raise their temperature. Nicole Richie Paris Hilton MAHATMA GANDHI * Physics 1 (Garcia) SJSU Increasing Internal Energy Can increase internal energy (and temperature) by tapping energy sources. Chemical energy released in fire Electric energy heats burner * Physics 1 (Garcia) SJSU Work and Heat May increase internal energy by exerting a force to do mechanical work.