Unit4.ppt

2002/1/2 Unit 4 Functional Analysis Using Dataflow Model 本單元目的 將資訊系統中的動作及各動作之間的資料流用資料流程圖 (Data Flow Diagram 簡稱 DFD) 描繪出 繪出的結果稱為 function schema, 是系統功能分析結果的圖形表現方式 說明 DFD 是數種功能分析表達模型之一 又稱為 Bubble chart Outline The components of a dataflow diagram. How to draw a simple dataflow diagram. Guidelines for drawing successful dataflow diagrams. How to draw leveled dataflow diagram. Qualities of a functional schema The components of a DFD The Process 處理程序 系統中產生、使用、操作或刪除資訊的動作。 每個處理程序必須給一個名稱, 最好由一個動詞加上一個受詞構成. The components of a DFD The Data Store 資料儲放處 指檔案、表格等存放資料的媒體。 The components of a DFD The Terminator 外部使用者 系統所使用的資料之源頭或是系統所產稱的資料之接收處。用矩形表示。 Terminator 可以是一個人、一群系統使用者、一公司部門或是外部組織單位。 A typical DFD Guidelines for constructing DFDs Choose meaningful names for processes, flows, stores, and terminators. Number the processes. Redraw the DFD as many times as necessary. Avoid overly complex DFDs. Make sure the DFD is logically consistent. Context Diagram Top-down primitives for DFDs Leveled DFDs An example of top-down strategy Assumption Assume that the policy of the librarian is to collect book orders and process them periodically. Assume that order processing consists of checking the feasibility of purchase, followed by compiling an order. Finally, assume that the CHECK_BOOK activity can be decomposed into the two parallel activities of checking whether a book is already available in the library and whether funds are available from grants to cover its cost. The process HANDLE_REQUEST models all the ordering and purchasing activities. The SCIENTIST orders a new book and is informed when the book becomes available. The PUBLISHING_HOUSE receives the orders and sells the book to the library. Qualities of a Functional Schema Functional independence Completeness Correctness Readability Minimality * * 2002/1/2 RECEIVE ORDER RECEIVE ORDER or The components of a DFD The Flow 資料流 在 process 之間流動的資料(不是控制流)。 用箭頭表示資料流動的方向 線條上要註明資料名稱,名稱必須能代表整個資料流, 不要用 data or information 等較空泛的詞.