教学物流英语第二章.pptVIP

Learning Objectives 1.Gain an understanding of the characteristics of supply chain management 2.Learn the definition of QR, ECR, ERP, CPFR, JIT 3.Get an overview of supply chain management principles and their implications for enterprises 4.Get an overview of how a supply chain system comes out 2.1 Introduction to Supply Chain Management 2.1.1Definition of Supply Chain Management Supply chain management (SCM) is the control of the supply chain as a process from supplier to manufacturer to wholesaler to retailer to consumer. Supply chain management does not involve only the movement of a physical product (such as a microchip) through the chain but also any data that goes along with the product (such as order status information, payment schedules, and ownership titles) and the actual entities that handle the product from stage to stage of the supply chain. There are essentially three goals of SCM: to reduce inventory, to increase the speed of transactions with real-time data exchange, and to increase revenue by satisfying customer demands more efficiently. Supply chain management is getting the right things to the right places at the right times for maximum profit. It is a process used by companies to ensure that their supply chain is efficient and cost-effective. Many important 实时数据库可用于工厂过程的自动采集、存储和监视，可在线存储每个工艺过程点的多年数据，可以提供清晰、精确的操作情况画面，用户既可浏览工厂当前的生产情况，也可回顾过去的生产情况，可以说，实时数据库对于流程工厂来说就如同飞机上的“黑匣子”。 strategic decisions impact the supply chain: how to coordinate the production of goods and services, including which suppliers to buy materials from; how and where to store inventory; how to distribute products in the most cost-effective, timely manner; and how and when to make payments. A typical supply chain is made up of many interrelated firms linked by a core enterprise. As shown in Figure 2.1, component and subassembly suppliers are upstream from the manufacturer. Further up