对震动的侦查和测量的一直实用方法-英文翻译.pdf

集 美 大 学 毕业设计 （论文）英文文献翻译 译文题目 对震动的侦查和测量的一直实用方法 专 业 机械电子工程 班 级 1211 姓 名 廖炎城 学 号 201221135020 指导教师 弓清忠 职 称 机械与能源工程学院 英文原文 A PracticalApproach to Vibration Detection and Measurement ——Physical Principles and Detection Techniques By: John Wilson, the Dynamic Consultant, LLC Thistutorialaddressesthephysicsofvibration;dynamicsofa springmasssystem;damping; displacement,velocity,andacceleration;andtheoperatingprinciplesofthesensorsthatdetect and measure these properties. Vibration isoscillatory motion resulting from the application of oscillatory or varying forces to a structure. Oscillatory motion reverses direction. Aswe shall see, the oscillation may be continuous during some time period of interest or it may be intermittent. It may be periodic or nonperiodic, i.e., it may or may not exhibit a regular period of repetition. The nature of the oscillation dependson thenature of the force driving it and on the structurebeing driven. Motion is a vector quantity, exhibiting a direction as well as a magnitude. The direction of vibration is usually described in terms of some arbitrary coordinate system (typically Cartesian or orthogonal) whose directions are called axes. The origin for the orthogonal coordinate system of axes is arbitrarily defined at some convenient location. Most vibratory responses of structures can be modeled as single-degree-of-freedom spring masssystems,andmanyvibration sensorsusea springmass system asthemechanicalpartof their transduction mechanism. In addition to physical dimensions, a spring mass system can be characterized by the stiffness of the spring, K, and the mass, M, or weight, W, of the mass. These characteristics deter