英语动词的时态和语态.docVIP

动词的时态和语态2015.03 【知识点归纳】I.动词时态和语态的构成形式 主动语态 一般现在时一般过去时do/does,( is/am/are ) did,(was/were) 现在进行时过去进行时is/am/are doing was/were doing 现在完成时过去完成时has/have done had done 现在完成进行时过去完成进行时has/have been doing had been doing 一般将来时过去将来时will/shall do is/am/are going to do is/am/are（about）to do would/should do was/were going to do was/were（about）to do 被动语态一般现在时一般过去时is/am/are done was/were done 现在进行时过去进行时is/am/are being done was/were being done 现在完成时过去完成时has/have been done had been done 一般将来时过去将来时will/shall be done is/am/are going to be done is/am/are（about）to be done would/should be done was/were going to be done was/were（about）to be done II.动词时态的用法 一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、能力等主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来I’ll go there after I finish my work. If it rains tomorrow,I won’t go there. ③在以here,there开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作There goes the bell.铃响了。There comes the bus.汽车来了。Here she comes.她来了。表示正在进行的动作表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滚滚向东流。The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起always, forever, constantly, continually连用，表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进行； He is always helping others.他总是肯帮助他人。 She is always forgetting something.她老是忘记某些事情。 ⑤大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。常见的有：look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear ▲情感类：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear ▲心态类：wish, hope, expect, want, need, believe, think, understand, agree, knowt ▲所有类：have, contain, won, hold, belong to等。表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作I have finished the report./ She has cleaned the room. ②表示从过去开始，待续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for...”, “since...”表述的一段时间状语连用He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college. ③表示“曾经到过某地（人已回来）”用“have/has been to”表示“到某地去了（还未回来）”用“have/has gone to”—Where is Li Hua? －He has gone to the reading-room. —She knows a lot about Shanghai－She has been there.