_ 基于“3s”技术的名山县农村水源地水质健康风险评价研究.doc

基于“3S”技术的名山县农村水源地水质健康风险评价研究 信息与工程技术学院 农业水利工程专业 付成威 （指导教师：倪福全 职称：教授） 摘要：饮用水水质与人类健康密不可分，不良的饮用水直接危害人类的健康。健康风险评价是以风险度为评价标准，定量描述饮用水水质对人体健康产生危害的方法。本文以EPA健康风险评价模型为基础，以饮用水水水质为研究对象，通过野外调查、水质采样、水质检测、健康风险计算和GIS专题地图制作等步骤，对名山县41个检测的饮用水中铜、铁、六价铬、硝酸盐和氟化物进行了检测和评价，结果表明： 1. 名山县41个检测点饮用水中，六价铬污染情况最严重，有97%的地点六价铬含量超标。硝酸盐污染情况其次，49%的地点六价铬含量超标。铁污染程度一般，13%的地点超过了标准。氟化物污染程度较低，2%的氟化物含量超标。41个监测点中，铜含量全部符合标准要求。 2.名山县的饮用水中，六价铬致癌风险的属于VI极高风险等级，铜非致癌健康危害等级为III级中风险，铁非致癌健康危害等级为II级中——低风险，六价铬非致癌健康危害等级为VI级极高风险，硝酸盐非致癌健康危害等级为IV级中——高风险，氟化物非致癌风险健康危害等级为IV级中——高风险。 3.名山县东南地区铁、铜风险较高；名山县东部地区硝酸盐风险较高；名山县南部氟化物风险较高。 关键词：名山县；水质；健康风险评价；GIS； The health risk assessment for quality of rural drinking water source in Mingshan county based on “3s” technology Special field: Agriculture hydraulic engineering Name: Fu Chengwei Tutor: Ni Fuquan Abstract drinking water quality and human health are inseparable, poor drinking water directly harmful to human health. Health risk assessment is a quantitative description for the drinking water quality on human health based on risk degree evaluation criteria.In this paper, based on EPA health risk assessment model, we detected and evaluated hexavalent chromium copper iron nitrate and fluoride in drinking water at 41 detection in Mingshan by field surveys, water sampling, water quality testing, health risk calculations and GIS thematic map production. It turned out that: 1. In Mingshan 41 test points in drinking water, hexavalent chromium, the most serious pollution, 97% of the locations exceeded the hexavalent chromium content. Followed by nitrate pollution, 49% of the locations exceeded the hexavalent chromium content. General degree in pollution of iron , is 13% more than the standard location. Low level of fluoride pollution has exceeded 2% of the fluoride content. 41 monitoring points, the copper content in all standard requirements. 2. Mingshan drinking water, hexavalent chromium is carcinogenic risks of VI risk level, copper non-carcinogenic health hazard rating of risk lev