实用科技英语翻译.docVIP

2009-2010学年第2学期 《实用科技英语翻译》期末考试题型和复习题 I Answer the follwing quesitions related to EST Translation (30’) （2个题） What’s the definition of EST (English of Science Technology)? EST (English for Science Technology or Technical English or Scientific English) is a special language variety widely used in the fields of science and technology. It抯 believed that it first came to being in the 1950s along with the rapid development of science and technology, and it many researchers and scholars began to conduct investigation of this common features of this special genre including reading comprehension, writing and even translation. 2. What are stylistic features of EST? Completely different from other genres such as everyday English, literature English, EST has its own stylistic features due to the specialty in content, field and discourse functions, and partly due to the unique habits of EST writers, which are mostly represented in lexical level and syntactical level. Lexical level: A.Numerous Technical Terms Technical terms refer to those lexicons specialized in a certain subject or area, with which laymen are unfamiliar, e.g. cryogeneics（低温学）.Characteristics (1)Lengthy: mostly containing roots or affixes originating from Latin, Greek and French, etc e.g. nucleonics（核子学）.(2) Numerous compounds coined（新造）to signify the new things coming out in the science and technology. e.g. radiophotography（无线电传真）(3)numerous abbreviations。e.g. FM (frequency modulation 调频) B Numerous pseudo-technical terms :Everyday English _ EST_ different senses e.g. frame 框架 1）机架（machinery）；2）帧（telecommunications） Syntactical Level: A_Nominalization（名词化结构）:For conciseness: abstract nouns denoting action or state + v-ing form or nominal phrases,eg. the generation of heat by friction（摩擦生热）B_ Lengthy sentences and logic connectors: For explicitation（将事理充分说明）, we often employ some lengthy sentences containing expressions and clauses（短语和分句）and logic connectors such as hence, consequently, accordingly, how