高考英语二轮：虚拟语气导学案.docVIP

2016高考英语二轮：虚拟语气导学案 虚拟语气 （一） if条件状语从句的虚拟语气 时间 If条件从句 主句 过去 ?had done would/should/could/ might have done 现在 did/were ?would/should/could /might do 将来 ?1.should do 2.were to do 3.did 注意： (1), if条件状语的倒装： 如果从句中有were, had, should时,可以倒装成：Were / Had / Should +主+其他（if省略） （2）、含蓄条件句 含蓄条件句就是虚拟条件暗含在短语或上下文中。这时，必须根据句中表述的意义以及某些特定的信息词来判断时态 如: without, but for, suppose (supposing) otherwise (or/or else), though (although) 等 （3）.时间错综句 有时候if条件状语从句和主句表达的时间不一致，这种情况下，主从句的谓语动词应分别根据具体时间加以调整。 （4）、虚实错综句 有时候一个句子中虚拟现象与客观事实错综交织在一起，这就需要我们细心判断哪一处是虚拟语气，哪一处应使用陈述语气。 （二）动词 + 宾语从句 的虚拟 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command; 三个建议：suggest, propose, advise; 四个要求：desire, demand, ask, require 后面的从句用（should） do 形式 It is (was) + important / necessary / better / strange / surprising / natural / possible / a pity / no wonder + that 主语从句 （三）wish / as if (as though) / if only/would rather的虚拟 这几个词（词组）表虚拟时，其后所用的虚拟形式与条件从句基本相同，即比陈述语气中的时态后退一个时态。 Wish 现在—— did /were 过去—— had done 将来—— would/should/could/might do as if / as though好像 did / were had done would/ should/could/ might do If only …要是…就好了did / were had done would/ should/could/ might do would rather (that) 宁愿... （四）It is (about/ high) time that ...是时候.... The use of “it” 一，it作非人称代词 泛指一个人或事物 ：It’s me / Jack. 泛指天气 ：It’s going to rain . 泛指时间 ：It was nearly midnight. 泛指距离 ：It is half an hour’s walk . 泛指环境 ：It is noisy here. 泛指价钱 ：It is one thousand yuan 二，it做人称代词 it 用做人称代词，代替前文提到的事物 it / one / ones / that / those 的区别 it = the/this/that +n. 特指前文提到的事物 eg. The book on the desk is mine, and it is very interesting . one = a + n. 泛指前文提到的同类人或事物,只替换单数的可数名词 eg. I want a watch , but I have no money to buy one . that = the + n. 特指，同类不同物；替换可数名词或不可数名词，只代事物不代人， eg. The voice of a woman is sweeter than that of a man . 三，it做形式主语/形式宾语真实主语是不定式，动名词或主语从句。 主语从句： It is + obvious / clear / true / certain … that… It happens / seems that …. It is said / reported / known that … As is s